Table 3 Effect size estimates by group (Yoga vs. CBT) and follow-up time period for primary outcome measures
From: Yoga is effective for treating chronic pain in veterans with Gulf War Illness at long-term follow-up
Treatment | Follow-up | Pain Severity Mean | Pain Severity Cohen’s d | Pain Interference Mean | Pain Interference Cohen’s d | Pain Total Mean | Pain Total Cohen’s d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yoga | EOT | 4.67 ±2.44 (n = 32) | 0.26 | 3.65 ±2.17 (n = 31) | 0.50 | 4.00 ±2.08 (n = 31) | 0.47 |
|  | 2m FU | 5.19 ±1.89 (n = 24) | 0.04 | 4.65 ±2.47 (n = 23) | 0.36 | 4.84 ±2.19 (n = 23) | 0.25 |
|  | 4m FU | 4.70 ±2.34 (n = 23) | 0.27 | 4.37 ±2.44 (n = 23) | -0.00 | 4.47 ±2.24 (n = 23) | 0.06 |
|  | 6m FU | 4.91 ±1.93 (n = 29) | 0.18 | 4.60 ±2.49 (n = 27) | -0.20 | 4.70 ±2.17 (n = 27) | -0.11 |
CBT | EOT | 5.20 ±2.60 (n = 19) | 0.26 | 4.65 ±2.60 (n = 16) | 0.50 | 4.95 ±2.35 (n = 16) | 0.47 |
|  | 2m FU | 5.27 ±2.43 (n = 15) | 0.04 | 5.36 ±3.15 (n = 15) | 0.36 | 5.33 ±2.87 (n = 15) | 0.25 |
|  | 4m FU | 5.23 ±2.55 (n = 15) | 0.27 | 4.37 ±2.78 (n = 14) | -0.00 | 4.59 ±2.68 (n = 14) | 0.06 |
|  | 6m FU | 5.26 ±2.67 (n = 18) | 0.18 | 4.20 ±2.71 (n = 17) | -0.20 | 4.48 ±2.64 (n = 17) | -0.11 |