Table 1 Adverse events

Huang et al. (2015)

E: 32

C: 31

E: 3

C: 2

E:9.38

C: 6.45

E: diarrhea (1), nausea (1)

E: dizziness (1)

C: dizziness (1)

C: drowsiness (1)

Yu et al. (2015)

E: 38

C: 33

E: 5

C: 12

E: 13.2

C: 34.3

E: diarrhea & nausea (5)

C: diarrhea (1), constipation (1)

C: dizziness (3), severe dizziness and vomiting (2)

C: drowsiness (3), dry mouth (2)

Xu et al. (2015)

E: 68

C: 69

E: 4

C: 5

E: 5.88

C: 7.35

E: diarrhea (2), nausea (1)

C: diarrhea (1), nausea (2)

E: dizziness (1)

C: dizziness (2)

Pan et al. (2016)

E: 68

C: 68

E: 4

C: 9

E: 5.9

C: 13.2

E: constipation (1), dry mouth (1)

C: constipation (2), low appetite (3)

E: dizziness (2)

C: dizziness (3)

C: dry mouth (1)

Wang et al. (2016)

E: 51

C: 51

Total: 21

Total: 20.59%

Total*: nausea (12)

Total*: dizziness (9)

Feng et al. (2017)

E: 40

C: 40

E: 0

C: 0

E: 0

C: 0

Zhang et al. (2020)

E: 41

C: 45

E: 1

C: 2

E: 2.4

C: 4.4

E: palpitations (1)

C: nausea (1)

C: drowsiness (1)

Zhu et al. (2020)

E: 52

C: 52

E: 8

C: 5

E: 15.38

C: 9.62

E: dizziness (3), headache (2)

c. dizziness (2), headaches (1)

E: fatigue (3),

C: fatigue (2)

Shi et al. (2023)

E: 36

C: 36

E: 13

C: 10

E: 36.11

C: 27.78

E: loss of appetite(2), Nausea(4), diarrhea(1)

C: loss of appetite(3), nausea(3)

E: fatigue(2), dizziness(3), dry mouth(1)

C: fatigue(1), dizziness(2), dry mouth(1)