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Table 7 Total antimicrobial activities (mL/g) of the Carissa bispinosa stem extracts against bacterial and fungal pathogens

From: Antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the leaf and stem extracts of Carissa bispinosa used for dental health care

Microorganism

H

C

D

EA

A

E

M

B

W

S. aureus

3.04

0.84

2.32

0.72

4.16

14.19

0.08

1.2

9.48

S. pyogenes

0.76

3.36

4.60

2.86

16.77

6.98

16.16

4.76

18.96

E. faecalis

3.04

1.68

1.16

1.44

4.16

6.98

16.16

1.2

18.96

C. albicans

1.52

1.68

1.16

0.36

8.25

14.19

32.06

1.2

9.48

C. glabrata

0.76

0.84

1.16

0.72

4.16

3.52

8.08

1.2

9.48

  1. Key: (H) hexane, (C) chloroform, (D) dichloromethane, (EA) ethyl acetate, (A) acetone, (E) ethanol, (M) methanol, (B) butanol and (W) water
  2. Fungal (Candida albicans and Candida glabrata) and bacterial (Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) strains