Fig. 6

Effects of atorvastatin on the proliferation and migration of A549 cells. A A549 cells were exposed to atorvastatin at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100 µM for 24 h, and then MTS assays was performed to determine the viability of the cell. Atorvastatin inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. B  HepG2 cells were exposed to atorvastatin at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100 µM for 24 h, and then CCK8 assays was performed to determine the viability of the cell. Atorvastatin inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. C A549 cells were treated with atorvastatin at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 µM for 24 h. Results of the wound healing assay showed that cell healing over scratch was inhibited by the treatment of atorvastatin. The result indicated that atorvastatin therapy reduced the migration of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Scale bar = 50 μm. D Effects of atorvastatin on the activities of MMP9, MMP12, CD36, and FABP4 in A549 cells. Western blot was used to evaluate the expression of MMP9, MMP12, CD36, and FABP4. The result indicated that atorvastatin significantly reduced the expression of MMP9, MMP12, CD36, and FABP4 in a concentration-dependent manner. E Atorvastatin treatment significantly upregulated the expression of pro-apoptosis protein Bax and downregulated the anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 protein. * p  < 0.05, ** p  < 0.01 vs. control, n  = 3. Scale bars = 20 μm