Fig. 4

Selected crude extracts from Prabchompoothaweep remedy preserves blood–brain barrier integrity in experimental cerebral malaria (ECM). C57BL/6 were inoculated with PbA erythrocytes and treated with selected crude extracts from Prabchompoothaweep remedy for 7 consecutive days. After 13 days post-infection, a solution of 2% Evan blue dye was transcardially injected for approximately 5 min and perfused with saline. Next, the brain was collected, weighed, and photographed. Macroscopic image of the whole brain demonstrating Evan blue dye leakage in cerebral tissue in study groups: (A) control, (B) PbA-infected group, (C) artesunate treatment group, (D) A. lancea treatment group, (E) Prabchompoothaweep remedy treatment group, (F) Art-AL combination treatment group, and (G) Art-PT combination treatment group. (H) Quantification of Evan blue dye leakage into the brain at 13 days post-infection. PbA, Plasmodium berghei ANKA; Art, artesunate; AL, A. lancea; PT, Prabchompoothaweep remedy. Results are shown as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) (n = 5 per group) and are representative of at least two independent experiments. * p < 0.05 versus PbA, ** p < 0.001 versus PbA