Fig. 5
Effect of AA given via nose-to-brain delivery and oral administration on Tau hyperphosphorylation induced by Aβ1-42. (A) pTau S396 and (B) pTau T231 in the hippocampus, (C) pTau S396 and (D) pTau T231 in the prefrontal cortex. Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. (n = 5–6/group). **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 compared with the Sham group; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 compared with the Aβ + Veh group; $$p < 0.01 compared with the Aβ + INAA group (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test). Full-length original blots are presented in Supplementary Fig. 5