Fig. 2

MTT assays were used to determine half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in HT-29 and Caco-2 cells after treatment with different concentrations of betanin and BHE were determined about 92 μg/mL, 107 μg/mL and for betanin about 64 μg/mL, 90 μg/mL for HT-29 and Caco-2 cells at 48 h, respectively. Treatment with betanin significantly decreased survival rate in HT-29 and Caco-2 cells while KDR/293 normal cells remained intact. Data were obtained from 3 independent experiments for each test and were normalized to naive cells and presented as percent viable cells (means ± SD). Asterisks indicate a significant increase in cell death (**p ≤ 0.01, *P < 0.05)