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Table 4 Percentage AWFs and CWFs expressing TGF-β and TNF-α intensity

From: Catechin, epicatechin, curcumin, garlic, pomegranate peel and neem extracts of Indian origin showed enhanced anti-inflammatory potential in human primary acute and chronic wound derived fibroblasts by decreasing TGF-β and TNF-α expression

Cells

AWFs

CWFs

Culture condition

% Cells expressed

TGF- β intensity

% Cells expressed

TNF-α intensity

% Cells expressed

TGF- β intensity

% Cells expressed

TNF-α intensity

Untreated

96.6 ± 0.77***

60.13 ± 2.06***

86.51 ± 0.72***

86.66 ± 1.16***

CE

13.3 ± 3.09***

12.46 ± 0.46***

33.1 ± 5.64***

39.01 ± 3.19***

E

17.6 ± 1.14***

12.87 ± 2.77***

31.42 ± 1.84***

33.53 ± 2.45***

C

24.3 ± 2.41***

33.38 ± 3.74***

42.42 ± 8.04***

44.06 ± 2.77***

G

20.8 ± 1.86***

8.183 ± 0.95***

33.88 ± 3.40***

28.05 ± 4.05***

P

28.1 ± 3.14***

24.25 ± 3.44***

54.08 ± 4.98***

43.87 ± 2.31***

N

22.3 ± 2.19***

27.28 ± 2.98***

82.14 ± 0.98

67.18 ± 2.04***

  1. Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 3). Statistical significance (P) calculated by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test—***P < 0.001 was considered as statistically significant by comparing treated group with untreated group