Constituents | VOLHE | VOLCE | VOLEA | VOLAE | VOLWE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alkaloids | - |  +  |  +  |  +  |  +  |
Saponins |  +  | - | - | - | - |
Flavonoids | - | - |  +  | - |  +  |
Phenols and tannins | - |  +  |  +  |  +  |  +  |
Carbohydrates | - | - | - | - |  +  |
Glycosides | - | - | - | - | - |
Phytosterols |  +  | - | - |  +  |  +  |
Protein and amino acid | - | - | - | - |  +  |
Terpenoids | - | - | - |  +  |  +  |