Fig. 3

Changes in premenstrual symptom scores: “swelling of the legs” (a), “heavy legs” (b), “fatigue” (c), and “irritability/ anger” (d) in the mornings of E-D2 (i) and E-D3 (ii). The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. The p-value is shown in each panel. Shaded columns represent the follicular phase (F), open columns represent placebo (P) intake in the luteal phase (L), and closed columns represent γ-Toc intake in the luteal phase (L)