Fig. 1

Overview of different respiratory parameters obtained by Seahorse assay. (A) This example is from control HepG2 cells with sequential additions of mitochondrial stressors Oligomycin, FCCP, and the mixture of Rotenone and Antimycin A, allowing evaluation of the mitochondrial function parameters: basal respiration, ATP-linked production, proton leak, maximal respiratory capacity, reserve capacity, and non-mitochondrial respiration. (B) Using the mitochondrial function parameters described above, the respiratory flux control ratios can be derived. In these equations, Basal stands for the basal respiration, Oligo stands for oligomycin-insensitive OCR, which is the proton leak OCR, and FCCP stands for FCCP-stimulated OCR, which is the maximal respiration OCR