Chemical composition, antibiofilm, cytotoxic, and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of Myrtus communis L. leaves essential oil

Caputo, Lucia; Capozzolo, Francesca; Amato, Giuseppe; De Feo, Vincenzo; Fratianni, Florinda; Vivenzio, Giovanni; Nazzaro, Filomena

doi:10.1186/s12906-022-03583-4

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Table 1 Chemical composition Myrtus communis L. leaves essential oil. Results are expressed as mean area percentage (%) ± standard deviation (S.D.) of three independent determinations (n = 3)

From: Chemical composition, antibiofilm, cytotoxic, and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of Myrtus communis L. leaves essential oil

N	Compounds	%	KI^a	KI^b	Identification^c
1	3Z- Hexenal	0.1 ± 0.02	744	798	1,2
2	2E- Hexenal	0.1 ± 0.03	747	855	1,2
3	n-Nonane	T	752	900	1,2
4	Isobutyl isobutyrate	0.1 ± 0.02	758	911	1,2
5	Tricyclene	T	849	926	1,2
6	Heptyl isobutanoate	3.2 ± 0.3	855	1250	1,2
7	α-Thujene	0.4 ± 0.01	861	930	1,2,3
8	α-Pinene	14.7 ± 1.2	868	939	1,2,3
9	Camphene	T	877	954	1,2,3
10	Sabinene	0.3 ± 0.03	902	975	1,2,3
11	β-Pinene	0.3 ± 0.04	921	979	1,2,3
12	δ-3-Carene	0.3 ± 0.02	929	1011	1,2,3
13	β- Myrcene	0.1 ± 0.01	930	990	1,2,3
14	Butyl-2-methylbutanoate	0.2 ± 0.01	933	-	1,2
15	α-Terpinene	0.1 ± 0.02	941	1017	1,2,3
16	1,8-Cineole	21.9 ± 2.3	957	1031	1,2,3
17	E-β-Ocimene	1.1 ± 0.5	966	1050	1,2
18	γ-Terpinene	0.4 ± 0.03	1006	1059	1,2,3
19	Terpinolene	0.1 ± 0.02	1008	1088	1,2,3
20	dehydro-Linalool	T	1013	1090	1,2
21	Linalool	9.1 ± 1.6	1026	1096	1,2,3
22	Myrcenol	0.2 ± 0.03	1028	1122	1,2
23	cis-p-Menth-2-n-1-ol	0.1 ± 0.02	1033	1121	1,2
24	allo Ocimene	0.8 ± 0.04	1048	1132	1,2
25	trans-Pinocarveol	0.1 ± 0.01	1054	1139	1,2
26	3E-6Z-Nonadienol	0.1 ± 0.03	1065	1153	1,2
27	neo-Menthol	T	1082	1165	1,2
28	δ-Terpineol	T	1084	1166	1,2,3
29	Terpinen-4-ol	0.4 ± 0.05	1092	1177	1,2,3
30	α-Terpineol	2.3 ± 0.4	1101	1188	1,2,3
31	Myrtenal	0.1 ± 0.04	1103	1195	1,2,3
32	Myrtenol	0.8 ± 0.03	1106	1195	1,2
33	Methyl chavicol	0.2 ± 0.05	1108	1196	1,2
34	Iso-dihydro-carveol	T	1127	1214	1,2
35	Fraganol	0.1 ± 0.02	1144	1215	1,2
36	cis-Myrtanol	T	1160	1253	1,2
37	Linalool acetate	0.8 ± 0.06	1167	1257	1,2
38	δ-Octalactone	T	1177	1278	1,2
39	Isobornyl acetate	T	1191	1285	1,2
40	trans-Pinocarvyl acetate	0.6 ± 0.03	1199	1298	1,2
41	Carvacrol	0.1 ± 0.02	1214	1299	1,2,3
42	Myrtenyl acetate	29.8 ± 2.4	1236	1326	1,2
43	iso-dihydro-Carveol acetate	0.3 ± 0.02	1237	1329	1,2
44	Carvyl acetate	0.1 ± 0.03	1241	1342	1,2
45	α-Terpinyl acetate	0.5 ± 0.04	1250	1349	1,2
46	Citronellyl acetate	0.1 ± 0.02	1257	1352	1,2
47	Geranyl acetate	2.6 ± 0.5	1268	1381	1,2,3
48	Methyl eugenol	0.9 ± 0.02	1302	1403	1,2
49	Z-Caryophyllene	1.3 ± 0.06	1306	1408	1,2,3
50	γ-Elemene	0.1 ± 0.01	1323	1436	1,2,3
51	α-Humulene	1.1 ± 0.02	1340	1454	1,2,3
52	p-Menth(1,8 dien)-9-ol	0.4 ± 0.02	1343	1374	1,2,3
53	Bisabolol	0.2 ± 0.08	1347	1685	1,2,3
54	Thymohydro quinone	0.7 ± 0.06	1406	1555	1,2
55	Flavesone	0.2 ± 0.02	1428	1547	1,2
56	Caryophyllene oxide	0.3 ± 0.02	1461	1583	1,2,3
57	Humulene epoxide II	0.3 ± 0.01	1486	1608	1,2
58	allo-Aromadendrene epoxide	0.1 ± 0.02	1504	1641	1,2
59	n-Octadecanol	0.5 ± 0.06	1520	2077	1,2
	Total	98.4
	Monoterpenes hydrocarbons	18.6
	Oxygenated monoterpenes	71.7
	Sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons	2.6
	Oxygenated sesquiterpenes	1.4
	Other	4.1

^{a, b} are the Kovats retention indices determined relative to a series of n-alkanes (C10–C35) on the apolar HP-5 MS and the polar HP Innowax capillary columns, respectively; ^c identification method: 1 = comparison of the Kovats retention indices with published data; 2 = comparison of mass spectra with those listed in the NIST 02 and Wiley 275 libraries and with published data; 3 = coinjection with authentic compounds; c -: not detected; t = trace (< 0.05%)

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