Transcranial photobiomodulation add-on therapy to valproic acid for pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in peripubertal rats

Table 2 Maximum seizure stage and total durations of stage 4–7 seizures

	Saline	tPBM + Saline	PTZ	VPA + PTZ			VPA + tPBM + PTZ
VPA dosage (mg/kg)	0	0	0	100	200	400	100	200	400
Maximum seizure stages	0^a	0^a	6.5 ± 0.2	6.2 ± 0.2	5.5 ± 0.5	3.4 ± 0.4	6.2 ± 0.2	6 ± 0	5.7 ± 0.3^b
Total duration of stage 4–7 seizures (s)	0	0	951.3 ± 394.7	676.8 ± 417.4	29 ± 7.1	2.6 ± 1.8	566.2 ± 526.2	57.4 ± 28	35.3 ± 11.1^c

Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. The maximum seizure stage “0” in the tPBM + saline group indicated no seizures events
^asignificant difference (p < 0.0001) in respect to the maximum seizure stage in the PTZ group
^bsignificant difference (p < 0.01) in respect to the maximum seizure stage in the high-dose VPA (400 mg/kg) + PTZ group
^csignificant difference (p < 0.01) in respect to the total duration of stage 4–7 seizures in the high-dose VPA (400 mg/kg) + PTZ group

ISSN: 2662-7671