Fig. 2
Effects of Quercus acuta Thunb. fruit (QAF) on cell proliferation, ultraviolet B (UVB)-reduced cell proliferation, and procollagen type I production in UVB-induced HaCaT keratinocytes. (A) HaCaT cells treated with a range of concentrations of QAF (5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μg/mL) for 24 h. Cell viability was estimated using MTT assay by measuring the absorbance at 450 nm. (B) Cells were exposed to UVB irradiation (30 mJ/cm2) and treated with a range of concentrations of QAF (5, 10, 20, and 50 μg/mL) for 24 h. (C) Cell culture media were collected to determine the levels of procollagen type I. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 versus control group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus UVB-treated group