Fig. 9

The NLRP3 inflammasome pathway was activated in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells (RA-FLS). The expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 p20 and IL-1β in RA-FLS were significantly reduced after treating with myrtenal. β-caryophyllene oxide showed inhibitory effects on the expression of caspase-1 p20 and IL-1β, but not NLRP3. Data were recorded as mean ± SEM. Differences were assessed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test and one-way ANOVA, *P < 0.05 vs MC, **P < 0.01 vs MC, ***P < 0.001 vs MC. (n = 3)