Fig. 8

Regulatory effects of ECS on [Ca²⁺]i in the Aβ-induced model and the H₂O₂-induced model. A Fluorescence microscopy images of intracellular calcium ions in the different groups. B Concentration of intracellular calcium ions in each group relative to the normal group. All values are shown as the means ± SEMs from three independent studies. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD post hoc comparisons. ^#p < 0.05, vs. control group; ^aP < 0.05, vs. Aβ model group; ^bP < 0.05, vs. H₂O₂ model