Skip to main content

Table 2 Effects of different concentration of NOEE on serum electrolyte levels, blood profile and liver profile in Sprague Dawley rats

From: A mechanistic study on the inhibition of bacterial growth and inflammation by Nerium oleander extract with comprehensive in vivo safety profile

Parameters

Groups* (mean ± S.D)

Male

Female

Control

NOEE (500 mg/kg)

NOEE (1000 mg/kg)

NOEE (2000 mg/kg)

Control

NOEE (500 mg/kg)

NOEE (1000 mg/kg)

NOEE (2000 mg/kg)

Serum electrolytes

 Na+ (mEq/L)

132.1 ± 5.21

137.3 ± 7.52

136.2 ± 7.46

134.6 ± 8.57

134.5 ± 5.71

138.2 ± 7.03

135.7 ± 7.81

136.2 ± 9.72

 K+ (mEq/L)

5.26 ± 0.57

5.64 ± 0.48

5.69 ± 1.56

5.73 ± 0.98

5.87 ± 0.89

5.63 ± 0.73

5.79 ± 0.42

5.92 ± 0.67

 Ca+ (mEq/L)

5.10 ± 0.52

5.36 ± 0.52

5.18 ± 1.28

5.23 ± 0.92

5.16 ± 0.73

5.21 ± 0.70

5.41 ± 0.67

5.25 ± 0.31

Blood profile

 RBCs (1012/L)

8.38 ± 0.42

8.26 ± 0.78

8.31 ± 0.32

8.12 ± 0.47

7.89 ± 0.93

7.83 ± 0.46

7.67 ± 0.92

7.92 ± 0.58

 WBCs (109/L)

13,351 ± 5242

13,831 ± 3170

13,687 ± 5904

14,073 ± 5340

11,920 ± 5027

11,804 ± 3737

12,034 ± 4329

11,974 ± 4542

 Hb levels (g/dL)

14.23 ± 1.04

14.19 ± 0.75

14.71 ± 0.68

14.45 ± 0.72

13.06 ± 0.82

13.71 ± 0.27

13.43 ± 0.52

13.74 ± 0.63

 ESR (mm/h)

1.41 ± 0.21

1.39 ± 0.23

1.34 ± 0.52

1.56 ± 0.42

1.49 ± 0.23

1.41 ± 0.47

1.47 ± 0.76

1.42 ± 0.53

Liver profile

 ALP (U/L)

209.47 ± 25.7

225.41 ± 77.6

219.56 ± 54.0

257.65 ± 56.5*

228.60 ± 56.3

241.38 ± 59.3

257.19 ± 27.6

270.41 ± 38.3*

 AST (U/L)

233.72 ± 39.4

242.40 ± 27.1

278.37 ± 36.8

289.56 ± 57.5*

212.49 ± 44.3

209.37 ± 57.6

236.98 ± 38.2

261.09 ± 26.1*

 ALT (U/L)

41.21 ± 14.27

45.79 ± 11.08

42.13 ± 6.25

46.19 ± 5.43*

51.10 ± 14.31

54.08 ± 9.40

58.97 ± 8.73

71.37 ± 9.33*

 Bilirubin (mg/dL)

0.72 ± 0.21

0.61 ± 0.27

0.67 ± 0.13

0.73 ± 0.22*

0.54 ± 0.14

0.52 ± 0.12

0.63 ± 0.37

0.72 ± 0.29*

Kidney profile

 Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.82 ± 0.44

1.84 ± 0.24

1.78 ± 0.31

1.80 ± 0.17

1.10 ± 0.24

1.05 ± 0.42

1.23 ± 0.19

1.10 ± 0.15

 BUN (mg/dL)

26.30 ± 3.21

24.51 ± 2.87

24.05 ± 4.18

22.96 ± 3.84

25.27 ± 2.89

26.97 ± 3.72

26.33 ± 2.94

25.94 ± 4.68

 Uric acid (mg/dL)

1.73 ± 0.24

1.75 ± 0.18

1.68 ± 0.23

1.72 ± 0.15

1.64 ± 0.28

1.67 ± 0.20

1.72 ± 0.12

1.64 ± 0.34

  1. NOEE Nerium oleander ethanolic extract, RBCs Red blood cells, WBCs White blood cells, Hb Hemoglobin, ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ALP Alkaline phosphatase;
  2. AST Alkaline phosphatase, ALT Alanine transaminase, BUN Blood urea nitrogen
  3. *p ≤ 0.05 significant as compared to control
Back to article page

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

ISSN: 2662-7671

Contact us