Fig. 4

BD enhances CIM-induced chondrogenic markers in high density cultures. The hMSCs were seeded at a density of 2 × 104 cells/cm2 for 7 days in the absence or presence of CIM and CIM plus BD 100 (100 μg/ml). Cells were fixed and stained with (a) SOX9 and (b) type II collagen (Collagen II). The nuclei were counter stained with DAPI. c The SOX9 positively stained cells were counted in the DAPI positive cells. The results are presented as mean ± SEM from four independent experiments. *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001. Scale bar: 100 μm