Table 1 Eco-geographical factors and carotenoid content of M. cochinchinensis from Vietnam (southern, northern and central), Thailand and Australia. Bioclimatic data was obtained from DIVA-GIS spacial analysis software. Carotenoids quantified using HPLC relative to standards with HAE extracts
From: Anticancer activity of Momordica cochinchinensis (red gac) aril and the impact of varietal diversity
Country | Province | Sample code | Altitude (m) | Temperature oC | Precipitation (mm) | Carotenoids mg/g | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Max | Min | Annual range | Annual range | Annual | Wettest month | Driest month | Lycopene | β-carotene | ||||
S Vietnam | Can Tho | VS1 | 1 | 32.6 | 22.2 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 1524 | 254 | 2 | 0.3 | 1.0 |
Vinh Long | VS3b | 2 | 33.2 | 21.9 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 1413 | 244 | 2 | 1.3 | 0.8 | |
HCM city | VS7 | 6 | 34.7 | 21.1 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 1851 | 310 | 2 | 1.9 | 0.4 | |
N Vietnam | Hung Yen | VN9a | 71 | 32.2 | 11.6 | 20.6 | 20.6 | 1774 | 325 | 18 | 5.2 | 2.0 |
Ha Noi | VN16 | 9 | 33.0 | 13.5 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 1700 | 314 | 14 | 7.5 | 5.3 | |
Hoa Binh | VN22 | 195 | 31.6 | 11.7 | 19.9 | 19.9 | 1801 | 352 | 8 | 5.1 | 5.7 | |
C Vietnam | Lam Dong | VC28 | 1112 | 27.9 | 13.3 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 1651 | 248 | 7 | 6.6 | 1.7 |
Lam Dong | VC29a | 1112 | 27.9 | 13.3 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 1651 | 248 | 7 | 5.8 | 1.5 | |
Lam Ha | VC32 | 925 | 28.1 | 13.8 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 1658 | 252 | 8 | 6.3 | 1.8 | |
Thailand | Nakhon Pathom | TH4 | 8 | 35.9 | 18.7 | 17.2 | 17.2 | 1237 | 257 | 6 | 2.3 | 1.5 |
Samut Prakan | TH5 | 2 | 34.5 | 20.4 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 1439 | 325 | 10 | 2.5 | 0.3 | |
Chiang Mai | TH8 | 316 | 36.2 | 12.9 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 1163 | 244 | 7 | 2.9 | 0.2 | |
Australia | Newcastle | A8 | NA | 25.0 | 18.0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1.6 | 0.5 |
Newcastle | A10 | NA | 25.0 | 18.0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2.1 | 0.8 | |
Newcastle | A12 | NA | 25.0 | 18.0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1.7 | 0.7 | |