Altitude impact on the chemical profile and biological activities of Satureja thymbra L. essential oil

Table 5 Effect of altitude on the anthelmintic activity of essential oils of S. thymbra obtained from Wasita (WEO) and Safsaf (SEO) localities during two successive years

Test	WEO (W1)	WEO (W2)	SEO (S1)	SEO (S2)	Piperazine citrate (Standard)
Test	Time for paralysis (min.)
1% EO	4.32 ± 0.45 ^aB	4.01 ± 0.57 ^aB	3.25 ± 0.35 ^bB	3.03 ± 0.35 ^bB	9.77 ± 0.78 ^A
2% EO	3.51 ± 0.52 ^aB	3.66 ± 0.39 ^aB	2.15 ± 0.25 ^aB	2.59 ± 0.05 ^aB
3% EO	2.37 ± 0.24 ^aB	2.66 ± 0.14 ^aB	1.75 ± 0.15 ^bB	1.36 ± 0.21 ^bB
	Time for death (min.)
1% EO	6.25 ± 0.66 ^aB	5.99 ± 0.85 ^aB	5.58 ± 0.42 ^aB	5.61 ± 0.36 ^aB	13.58 ± 0.95 ^A
2% EO	4.65 ± 0.49 ^aB	4.14 ± 0.41 ^aB	4.22 ± 0.22 ^aB	4.26 ± 0.45 ^aB
3% EO	3.89 ± 0.42 ^aB	3.63 ± 0.43 ^aB	2.45 ± 0.19 ^bB	2.41 ± 0.74 ^bB

Values are ±SEM (n = 3), means followed by different letters in same row denote significant difference at p < 0.05, paired-t-test. Lowercase letters compare means of WEO with SEO, uppercase letters compare means of sample with the standard antibiotic
W1 and W2 are plants collected from Wasita during fall 2017 and 2018, respectively. S1 and S2 are plants collected from Safsaf during fall 2017 and 2018, respectively

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