Fig. 5

Anti-androgenic effect of PM extract on both 2D cultured DPCs and 3D DP spheroids. 2D cultured DPCs were co-treated with 1 nM of DHT and 10 μg/ml or 100 μg/ml of PM extract. Then, AR protein expression was analyzed by western blot or immunocytochemistry. For spheroids cultures, 10 nM of DHT was co-treated with 20 μg/ml of PM extract from the start of 3D DP spheroid formation. a AR protein was decreased by PM extract in dose dependent manner. b Nuclear AR was decreased by PM extract. c, d The size of spheroids was reduced by DHT treatment and recovered by PM extract as shown in representative images and calculated size distribution