Random sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Blinding of participants | Blinding of outcome assessment | Incomplete outcome data | Selective outcome reporting | Other sources of bias | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AcuTENS | |||||||
Lau, 2008 [9] | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | Low |
Liu X, 2015 [10] | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | Low |
Ngai, 2010 [11] | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | Low |
Jones, 2011 [12] | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Unclear | High | Unclear |
Öncü, 2017 [13] | Low | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
Shou, 2014 [14] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear |
Wen Q 2011 [15] | Low | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear |
Moxibustion | |||||||
Bai 2018 [26] | Unclear | Unclear | High | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
Cheng AP, 2011 [23] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear |
Cui XX, 2015 [22] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear |
Guang, 2017 [25] | Low | Unclear | High | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
He F, 2013 [21] | Unclear | Unclear | High | High | Unclear | Low | Low |
Liang, 2018 [27] | Low | Unclear | High | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
Liu SR, 2015 [20] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear |
Tang J 2012 [19] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear |
Wang WH, 2016 [18] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear |
Wen X, 2013 [8] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear |
Yang XQ, 2016 [17] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear |
Zhang QY, 2016 [16] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear |
Zhe, 2017 [24] | Low | Unclear | High | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
Acupressure | |||||||
Guo 2017 [32] | Low | Unclear | High | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
Huang 2018 [33] | Low | Unclear | High | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
Maa, 1997 [30] | Low | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |
Tsay, 2005 [28] | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | Unclear |
Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | |
Wu, 2017 [34] | Low | Unclear | High | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
Xu 2018 [35] | Unclear | Unclear | High | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
Ear acupuncture | |||||||
Cao L, 2012 [36] | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | Unclear |
Hu ZH, 1997 [41] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear |
Jin RF, 2009 [37] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Unclear |
Li, 2017 [40] | Unclear | Unclear | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear |
Pang CL, 2014 [39] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear |
Pang CL, 2016 [38] | Unclear | Unclear | High | Unclear | Low | Low | Unclear |
Acupressure plus ear acupuncture | |||||||
Rao, 2017 [42] | Low | Unclear | High | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
Cupping | |||||||
Xiao W, 2009 [43] | Unclear | Unclear | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear |