Fig. 7
The concentration-dependent excitatory effect of different fractions of E. hirta, petroleum ether (Pet.EH) (a), chloroform (CHCl3.EH) (b), ethyl acetate (Et.Ac.EH) (c) and aqueous (Aq.EH) (d) without and with atropine (0.1 μM) on isolated rat ileum. {*/+P < 0.05, **/++P < 0.01 and ***/+++P < 0.001] vs. baseline and without atropine responses, ns represents non-significant (One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnet’s test). The data shown as mean ± S.E.M, n = 4–6 individual experiments using tissues of 4 to 5 different animals