Fig. 7

ASH-WEX and FIV also inhibit inflammatory neurodegeneration in microglial-neuronal co-culture (A) Representative Confocal micrographs of MAP2 (red) and Iba-1 (green) co-immunostaining in cerebellar neurons co-cultured with microglia pretreated with 0.2% ASH-WEX and 10 μg/mL FIV for 24 h, then challenged with 100 ng/mL LPS for 36 h. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Red arrows denote cerebellar neurons and yellow arrows denote microglial cells. (b, c, d) Histograms presenting the data of percentage neurite length, relative optical intensity of MAP2 and percentage of apoptotic cells (Mean ± SEM) among the different treatment groups calculated from three independent experiments. *p ≤ 0.05 untreated control versus ASH-WEX alone, FIV alone, LPS + ASH-WEX and LPS + FIV-treated groups. ⁺p ≤ 0.05 control versus LPS-treated group. ^#p ≤ 0.05 LPS- versus LPS + ASH-WEX- and LPS + FIV-treated groups (one-way ANOVA with Holm-Sidak post hoc test). Images were captured using Nikon A1R Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope at 60X magnification (Scale bar = 50 μm)