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Table 2 Participant data before and after intervention in the case group (extract of Juglans regia leaves) and the placebo group (Avicel)

From: Effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of Juglans regia (walnut) leaves on blood glucose and major cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Variable

Juglans regia leaves group┼ (N = 20)

P value

placebo group (N = 19)

P value

Before intervention Mean ± SD

After intervention Mean ± SD

Before intervention Mean ± SD

After intervention Mean ± SD

Weight (kg)

73.0 ± 15.1

71.7 ± 13.8

0.028

73.2 ± 9.2

72.3 ± 8.7

0.303

BMI (kg/cm2)

29.2 ± 6.0

28.7 ± 5.3

0.030

30.3 ± 3.9

29.9 ± 4.0

0.336

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

126.1 ± 9.5

121.1 ± 8.8

0.005

121.8 ± 10.6

120.6 ± 9.7

0.637

Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

79.2 ± 6.7

77.4 ± 4.8

0.185

76.8 ± 9.8

79.7 ± 4.8

0.116

Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl)

191.7 ± 36.6

179.5 ± 49.0

0.309

205.1 ± 51.9

194.6 ± 64.8

0.447

Postprandial blood glucose (mg/dl)

283.2 ± 46.8

307.7 ± 99.0

0.249

303.2 ± 68.2

255.4 ± 53.7

0.030

HbA1C (%)

9.6 ± 1.1

9.5 ± 1.8

0.646

9.90 ± 0.9

9.1 ± 1.3

0.028

Insulin level

6.4 ± 3.7

7.3 ± 3.9

0.447

6.2 ± 3.3

4.5 ± 3.1

0.139

HOMA IR

3.3 ± 2.7

2.9 ± 2.2

0.186

3.0 ± 1.7

2.7 ± 1.4

0.395

Creatinine (mg/dl)

0.9 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.2

0.474

0.9 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.2

0.270

Hemoglobin (mg/dl)

12.8 ± 1.9

13.2 ± 2.0

0.119

12.5 ± 1.3

12.3 ± 1.2

0.601

Cholesterol (mg/dl)

176.5 ± 41.8

169.0 ± 30.5

0.413

183.4 ± 31.6

176.5 ± 35.8

0.495

Triglyceride (mg/dl)

179.7 ± 86.1

170.6 ± 81.9

0.622

167.8 ± 76.7

184.1 ± 105.6

0.276

HDL Cholesterol (mg/dl)

49.0 ± 9.3

51.1 ± 9.1

0.337

44.9 ± 12.2

46.2 ± 13.6

0.710

LDL Cholesterol (mg/dl)

93.2 ± 31.6

83.5 ± 16.0

0.151

102.3 ± 22.3

93.0 ± 15.7

0.187

AST (U/L)

19.1 ± 4.2

19.2 ± 6.2

0.902

23.9 ± 9.6

19.4 ± 6.7

0.056

ALT (U/L)

20.7 ± 6.5

20.2 ± 8.1

0.803

24.7 ± 12.4

18.3 ± 5.7

0.044

ALP (IU/L)

200.7 ± 61.3

197.4 ± 68.0

0.817

202.9 ± 51.1

194..6 ± 64.2

0.594

TSH (IU/L)

2.2 ± 1.2

–

–

2.4 ± 0.9

–

–

  1. ┼ There were no significant differences in any of the variables between the two groups at the end of the study
  2. These entries are in boldface because these variables significantly changed after internention (p value <0.05)
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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

ISSN: 2662-7671

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