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Table 3 TNF-α and IL-27 proteins concentrations in MDCK culture supernatants (pg/ml) at 48 h treatment

From: Immunomodulatory properties of quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside from Rapanea melanophloeos against influenza a virus

Treatment

TNF-α concentration (pg/ml)

(mean ± SD)

TNF-α

% change to virus sample

IL-27 concentration (pg/ml)

(mean ± SD)

IL-27% change to virus sample

Co-pen

59.36 ± 0.003**

−83.687

2178.33 ± 0.001**

+ 135.495

Pre-pen

200.5 ± 0.007

−44.904

1866.67 ± 0.004**

+ 101.802

Post-pen

196.2 ± 0.010*

−46.090

2043.33 ± 0.005**

+ 120.901

H1N1

363.9 ± 0.011

 

925.00 ± 0.006

 
  1. Concentrations of TNF-α and IL-27 and percentages of changes compared to H1N1, as determined by ELISA, are expressed as pg/ml (N = 2) for 48 h incubation time
  2. * & **: significantly (P < 0.05) and highly significantly (P < 0.01) different from H1N1-inoculated sample