Fig. 1

Effect of highbush blueberry PACs on A. actinomycetemcomitans growth and biofilm formation (panel a). ∗: significantly different (p < 0.01) from the control (no PACs). Scanning electron micrographs of A. actinomycetemcomitans biofilms formed in the absence (panel b) and presence of 31.25 μg/ml (panel c) and 62.5 μg/ml of highbush blueberry PACs (panel d)