Fig. 3

Efficacy of the T. chebula extract, chebulagic acid, chebulinic acid and acyclovir to inhibit penetration of HSV-2 to Vero cells. Pre-chilled confluent monolayer of Vero cells growing in 24-well culture plate were incubated with HSV-2 (100 PFU) for 3 h at 4 °C followed by incubation with the varying concentrations of the extract of T. chebula (a), chebulagic acid (b), chebulinic acid (c) and acyclovir (d) at 37 °C for 30 min to allow virus penetration followed by assessment of plaque formation as described in Methods. Values are expressed as percent inhibition in the number of plaques as compared to vehicle treated virus control. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in duplicate. ^* p ≤ 0.05, ^** p ≤ 0.01, and ^*** p ≤ 0.001 between treated and vehicle control at respective concentration of the extract/compound