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Table 1 Effect of the fractions of Croton macrostachyus leaves on castor oil induced diarrheal model in mice

From: Evaluation of the anti-diarrheal activity of the leaf extract of Croton macrostachyus Hocsht. ex Del. (Euphorbiaceae) in mice model

Group

Onset time of diarrhea (min)

Total # of wet feces in 4 h

Total # of feces

Total weight of feces(gm)

% inhibition of defecation

Control

76 ± 16.71

4.5 ± 0.72

4.67 ± 0.80

0.82 ± 0.19

----

Loperamide 3 mg/kg

167.83 ± 25.62a*

0.833 ± 0.31a***

1.83 ± 0.65a*

0.17 ± 0.044a*

81.49

CF300mg/kg

169.83 ± 22.78a*

1.33 ± 0.42a***

1.83 ± 0.65a*

0.29 ± 0.14a*

70.37

CF400mg/kg

217.50 ± 22.50a***

0.33 ± 0.33a***

0.83 ± 0.31a**

0.14 ± 0.13a*

92.59

CF500mg/kg

238.33 ± 1.67a***

0.17 ± 0.17a***

0.167 ± 0.166a***

0.10 ± 0.10a*

96.296

Control

82.5 ± 19.96

4.67 ± 0.49

5.33 ± 0.42

0.83 ± 0.22

----

Loperamide 3 mg/kg

167.83 ± 25.62a*

0.833 ± 0.31a***

1.83 ± 0.65a*

0.17 ± 0.044a*

82.16

MF300mg/kg

143.5 ± 25.54

2.5 ± 0.56

3.83 ± 0.48

0.37 ± 0.15

46.47

MF400mg/kg

186.33 ± 22.19a*

1.17 ± 0.48a**

2.50 ± 0.85a*

0.114 ± 0.05a*

74.95

MF500mg/kg

191.33 ± 30.62a*

0.83 ± 0.48a***

1.17 ± 0.60a*

0.11 ± 0.06a*

82.23

Control

42.50 ± 4.16

7.00 ± 0.89

6.67 ± 0.80

0.72 ± 0.13

--------

Loperamide 3 mg/kg

120.50 ± 28.07a*

1.50 ± 0.22a**c**d**e*f*

2.00 ± 0.37a*c*d*e*

0.15 ± 0.07a*c**d**e**

78.57

AF300mg/kg

54.17 ± 8.60h**I**

6.83 ± 0.83b**g***h***I***

8.17 ± 1.66b**g***h***I***

0.71 ± 0.096b**g***h***I***

2.43

AF400mg/kg

55.00 ± 8.79 h**I**

6.67 ± 1.05b**g***h***I***

7.33 ± 0.99b*g***h***I***

0.69 ± 0.21b**g***h***I***

4.71

AF500mg/kg

60.67 ± 2.58 h**I**

6.50 ± 1.09b*g***h***I***

7.17 ± 1.11b*g***h***I***

0.68 ± 0.06b**g***h***I***

7.14

AF1000mg/kg

82.17 ± 28.13 h**I**

6.17 ± 1.30b*g***h***I***

6.33 ± 1.17b*g***h***I***

0.56 ± 0.11

11.86

  1. Values are expressed as Mean ± S.E.M (n = 6), analysis was performed with One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey test,a compared to control,b to standard drug,c to 300 mg/kg,d to 400 mg/kg,e to 500 mg/kg,f to 1000 mg/kg,g to CF300mg/kg,h to CF400mg/kg andI to CF500mg/kg; *P <0.05, **P <0.01, ***P <0.001; CF chloroform fraction, MF methanol fraction, AF aqueous fraction. Negative controls were treated with the vehicle used for reconstitution (2 % v/v Tween 80 for the chloroform and methanol fractions or distilled water for the aqueous fraction) orally