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Typology
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Type of healing practitioner
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ISangoma_associated to ancestral spirits, is a diviner
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1.“……All the ones I have mentioned are all Sangomas. There are many of them, I have just mentioned a few of them” (Male, Interview 3)
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INyanga _acquires knowledge of healing using plants, herbs and animal parts, is a herbalist
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2. “…..there is someone that I know who is a Sangoma, and we are coming from the same family. She also works both as Umthandazi and Inyanga like me” (Female, FGD1, Traditional healer)
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UMthandazi _associated to religion & ancestral spirits, is a spiritualist/faith healer
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Calling Initiation Training
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Process or journey of being appointed to become a traditional healer which includes training & completion (graduation). The process is characterised by performing different activities and rituals
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Spiritual
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1.“This Spirit just comes to you unexpectedly. It comes as a messenger, the Holy Spirit just comes down to you and you will not have an idea of what happened to you” (Female, FGD1, Traditional healer)
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Ancestral
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Personal Choice
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Refusal/Consequences
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Training Institution
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Apprenticeship
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Rituals
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Graduation
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Healing Practice
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Process that a healer & patient go through to identify, explain, discuss & negotiate appropriate treatment with patient.
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Causation
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1.“ The patient told me that umndawe [spirit] is high and he needs to start doing amagobongo [traditional ritual]. He was giving me an instruction as a healer! I am the one who is supposed to know what is wrong with him, and what help he needs, I am not supposed to take instructions from him. (Female, FGD 3, Traditional healers)
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Source
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Co-production
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Assigning
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Prescribing
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Preparing
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