Fig. 3

Effects of PST® treatment on hTSCs morphology, proliferation, viability, and migration. a Phase-contrast microphotographs (original magnification x10, at 48 h after treatment), b cell growth curves of hTSCs before a 1-h PST® treatment and at 10, 24, and 48 h post treatment. c MTT assay of hTSCs before a 1-h PST® treatment and at 24, 48, and 72 h post treatment Control cells were cultured outside the incubator for 1 h during PST® treatment. d, e Effect of PST® treatment on hTSCs migration. d Representative time-lapse migration images of PST and control cells. Images were acquired at 0 and 24 h in in vitro wound-healing assay. Original magnification x5. e The migration rate was measured by quantifying the total area of the wounded region lacking cells. The average percentages of recovered area obtained from three different experiments at 5, 10, 20, 24, and 30 h post treatment, as compared to control cells. All experiments were performed in triplicates. Error bars show the mean ± SD of three different experiments. Only p-values <0.05 are indicated, as compared to control cells