The effectiveness of integrative medicine interventions on pain and anxiety in cardiovascular inpatients: a practice-based research evaluation

Table 1 Abbott Northwestern cardiovascular inpatient characteristics (n = 57,295) ^a

	No IM Therapy	IM Therapy	p-value^b
	(n = 50,706)	(n = 6,589)	p-value^b
Age (years ± SD)	67.8 ± 15.4	63.5 ± 14.8	<0.001
Sex (%)
Female	23,649 (46.6)	4,076 (61.9)	<0.001
Male	27,057 (53.4)	2,513 (38.1)	<0.001
Race (%)
White	45,285 (89.3)	6,058 (91.9)	<0.001
African American	3,550 (7.0)	327 (5.0)	<0.001
Asian	945 (1.9)	106 (1.6)	0.147
Other	926 (1.8)	98 (1.5)	0.051
Marital Status (%)
Married	26,475 (52.2)	3,572 (54.2)	0.002
Widow	9,821 (19.4)	977 (14.8)	<0.001
Divorced	4,865 (9.6)	723 (11.0)	<0.001
Single	9,545 (18.8)	1,317 (20.0)	0.023
Circulatory System Disease (%)
Arteries, Arterioles & Capillaries	4,379 (8.6)	427 (6.5)	<0.001
Cerebrovascular	5,994 (11.8)	863 (13.1)	0.003
Hypertension	28,556 (56.3)	4,207 (63.8)	<0.001
Ischemic Heart Disease	15,016 (29.6)	1,278 (19.4)	<0.001
Pulmonary Circulation	2,408 (4.7)	481 (7.3)	<0.001
Other	23,485 (46.3)	3,365 (51.1)	<0.001
APR-DRG Severity (%)
Minor	7,926 (15.6)	497 (7.5)	<0.001
Moderate	19,179 (37.8)	1,928 (29.3)	<0.001
Major	18,049 (35.6)	2,745 (41.7)	<0.001
Extreme	5,552 (10.9)	1,419 (21.5)	<0.001
Health Insurance (%)
Commercial	15,084 (29.7)	2,368 (35.9)	<0.001
Medicare	26,492 (52.2)	3,045 (46.2)	<0.001
Medicaid	7,951 (15.7)	1,009 (15.3)	0.440
Other	1,179 (2.3)	167 (2.5)	0.291

^aTotal n refers to number of hospital admissions and not individual patients.
^bP-value calculated from two-tailed t-test comparing no IM therapy and IM therapy, adjusted for equal or unequal variances as appropriate.

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