Table 1 Antinociceptive effect of methanolic extract of C. nurvala leaves, morphine, and reversal effect of naloxone in hot plate test

Control

0.1 ml/mouse

5.87 ± 0.20

6.30 ± 0.13

6.72 ± 0.09

8.62 ± 0.32

9.34 ± 0.25

Morphine

5

6.67 ± 0.30

12.70 ± 0.51* (45.23)

14.75 ± 1.03* (60.64)

15.70 ± 0.86* (67.77)

15.84 ± 0.94 (68.82)

MECN

50

5.72 ± 0.74

7.84 ± 0.63 (14.90)

8.31 ± 0.43 (18.17)

10.19 ± 0.60 (31.35)

10.37 ± 0.51 (32.58)

MECN

100

6.71 ± 0.48

8.98 ± 0.56** (17.04)

9.66 ± 0.12** (22.16)

13.16 ± 0.89** (48.52)

13.06 ± 1.66 (47.73)

MECN

200

5.83 ± 0.66

9.54 ± 0.21* (26.22)

11.74 ± 0.72* (41.70)

13.86 ± 1.12* (56.69)

13.71 ± 1.78 (55.60)

NLX

2

7.22 ± 0.34

7.05 ± 0.18

6.85 ± 0.13

6.71 ± 0.29

5.30 ± 0.36

NLX + Control

2 + 0.1 ml/mouse

5.93 ± 0.27

6.15 ± 0.10

6.54 ± 0.19

8.01 ± 0.37

8.38 ± 0.69

NLX + Morphine

2 + 5

6.41 ± 0.37

7.25 ± 0.40^a (6.24)

7.65 ± 0.16^a (9.15)

8.86 ± 0.26^a (18.02)

8.96 ± 0.19^a (18.82)

NLX + MECN

2 + 50

5.98 ± 0.61

6.31 ± 0.38 (2.37)

7.41 ± 0.22 (10.17)

9.13 ± 0.79 (22.44)

9.71 ± 0.46 (26.59)

NLX + MECN

2 + 100

5.95 ± 0.81

6.49 ± 0.76^b (3.80)

7.93 ± 0.46 (14.05)

9.53 ± 0.61 (25.49)

10.08 ± 1.00 (29.36)

NLX + MECN

2 + 200

6.18 ± 0.96

7.04 ± 0.41^c (6.25)

8.75 ± 1.02^c (18.64)

9.95 ± 1.33^c (27.30)

10.14 ± 0.59 (28.69)