A relaxation technique enhances psychological well-being and immune parameters in elderly people from a nursing home: A randomized controlled study

Table 4 Immunological measures of both groups at three assessment times

Variable	Group	A M ± SD	Mann–WhitneyU		B M ± SD	Mann–WhitneyU		C M ± SD	Mann–WhitneyU		Wilcoxon’sT A vs. B		Wilcoxon’sT A vs. C
			z	p		z	p		z	p	z	p	z	p
CD19	TG	6.60 ± 2.53	-0.23	0.81	4.86 ± 1.33	-1.97	0.04	4.72 ± 3.60	-0.80	0.41	-2.43	0.01	-1.95	0.05
	CG	6.85 ± 1.74			6.75 ± 3.08			5.25 ± 2.49			-0.17	0.86	-1.76	0.07
CD4	TG	41.43 ± 11.40	-0.48	0.62	43.83 ± 6.67	-0.66	0.50	51.90 ± 24.62	-0.06	0.95	-0.66	0.50	-1.51	0.13
	CG	40.36 ± 10.74			45.51 ± 9.15			47.83 ± 10.22			-1.08	0.27	-1.25	0.20
CD8	TG	18.59 ± 6.11	-0.64	0.51	21.13 ± 4.42	-1.28	0.20	22.27 ± 14.24	-0.61	0.53	-1.01	0.31	-0.66	0.50
	CG	18.54 ± 3.51			19.01 ± 6.65			23.08 ± 12.81			0.00	1.00	-0.78	0.43
CD56	TG	20.52 ± 7.72	-0.46	0.64	22.93 ± 5.21	-0.05	0.95	20.18 ± 13.38	-1.05	0.29	-0.87	0.38	-0.53	0.59
	CG	18.58 ± 6.10			24.16 ± 10.93			23.00 ± 7.43			-1.74	0.08	-1.64	0.09
CD71	TG	0.53 ± 0.24	-0.09	0.92	3.52 ± 1.74	-1.98	0.04	2.00 ± 1.54	-1.45	0.14	-3.18	0.00	-2.94	0.00
	CG	0.54 ± 0.30			2.23 ± 1.12			2.25 ± 0.75			-3.11	0.00	-3.06	0.00
CD97	TG	0.77 ± 0.78	-0.58	0.55	2.90 ± 1.79	-2.46	0.01	2.63 ± 1.56	-0.51	0.60	-3.11	0.00	-2.58	0.01
	CG	0.69 ± 0.57			5.34 ± 2.96			2.33 ± 1.30			-3.18	0.00	-2.59	0.01
CD134	TG	1.03 ± 0.49	-0.97	0.32	0.28 ± 0.22	-2.26	0.02	1.49 ± 0.93	-0.33	0.73	-2.97	0.00	-0.48	0.62
	CG	1.26 ± 0.44			0.63 ± 0.44			2.06 ± 2.48			-2.83	0.00	-0.40	0.68
CD137	TG	0.14 ± 0.07	-1.09	0.27	0.09 ± 0.07	-2.25	0.02	0.63 ± 0.70	-0.25	0.80	-1.73	0.08	-2.14	0.03
	CG	0.18 ± 0.10			0.17 ± 0.09			1.19 ± 0.00			0.00	1.00	-1.53	0.12

Note: Between-subject (Mann–Whitney U test) and within-subject (Wilcoxon’s T test) effects for immunological values at three assessment times. Means are expressed as percentages of total number of lymphoid cells. TG: Treatment Group; CG: Waitlist Control Group; M: Mean (SD: Standard Deviation); A: pre-treatment assessment; B: post-treatment assessment; C: three-month follow-up assessment.
Bold text: p < 0.05.

ISSN: 2662-7671