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Table 1 Comparison of characteristics between HDS users and non-users (n=421)
| Characteristics | HDS user (n=189) | Non user (n=232) | χ 2 p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.334 | ||
| ≤ 60 | 62 (32.8%) | 66 (28.4%) | |
| > 60 | 127 (67.2%) | 166 (71.6%) | |
| Gender | 0.708 | ||
| Male | 89 (47.1%) | 105 (45.3%) | |
| Female | 100 (52.9%) | 127 (54.7%) | |
| Education | 0.862 | ||
| Less than secondary school | 104 (55.3%) | 130 (56.0%) | |
| Secondary school | 27 (14.4%) | 40 (17.2%) | |
| Vocational degree | 14 (7.4%) | 15 (6.5%) | |
| Undergraduate degree | 34 (18.1%) | 35 (15.1%) | |
| Higher than undergraduate degree | 9 (4.8%) | 12 (5.2%) | |
| Address | 0.186 | ||
| Capital city | 60 (31.7%) | 88 (37.9%) | |
| Rural areas | 129 (68.3%) | 144 (62.1%) | |
| Smoking status | 0.812 | ||
| Never | 122 (64.6%) | 147 (63.4%) | |
| Former | 59 (31.2%) | 72 (31.0%) | |
| Current | 8 (4.2%) | 13 (5.6%) | |
| Alcoholic consumption | 0.080 | ||
| Never | 119 (63.3%) | 121 (52.4%) | |
| Former | 60 (31.9%) | 96 (41.5%) | |
| Current | 9 (4.8%) | 14 (6.1%) | |
| Stages of CKD | 0.936 | ||
| 3 | 133 (70.4%) | 164 (70.7%) | |
| 4 | 49 (25.9%) | 58 (25.0%) | |
| 5 | 7 (3.7%) | 10 (4.3%) | |
| Medication adherence** | 0.015* | ||
| Low | 61 (32.3%) | 47 (20.2%) | |
| Medium | 79 (41.8%) | 122 (52.6%) | |
| High | 49 (25.9%) | 63 (27.2%) | |
