Table 2 Antiprotozoal activity of the methanol extracts of the investigated plants and their cytotoxicity against MRC-5 cell lines

Ajuga bracteosa

>64.0

>1

>64.0

>1

28.8 ± 4.6

>2.22

31.2 ± 5.2

>2.05

>64.0

Caralluma quadrangula

27.5 ± 4.3

>2.33

>64.0

>1

>64.0

>1

32.5 ± 6.5

>1.97

>64.0

Centaurea pseudosinaica

48.2 ± 9.8

32.5 ± 3.5

31.0 ± 6.1

9.1 ± 1.8

1.76

16.0 ± 5.3

Chrozophora oblongifolia

5.0 ± 1.2

12.80

27.3 ± 2.8

2.34

32.0 ± 5.8

>2

10.8 ± 2.4

5.93

>64.0

Costus arabicus

>64.0

27.3 ± 3.1

1.41

13.8 ± 2.1

2.79

30.0 ± 4.9

1.28

38.5 ± 8.2

Cupressus sempervirens

7.6 ± 2.4

1.41

2.0 ± 0.4

5.35

8.3 ± 1.9

1.29

2.1 ± 0.2

5.10

10.7 ± 3.1

Dorstenia barnimiana

34.2 ± 8.7

1.44

>64.0

29.6 ± 3.9

1.67

22.6 ± 5.8

2.19

49.4 ± 9.1

Dodonaea viscosa

46.7 ± 11.8

>1.37

45.3 ± 11.8

1.41

>64.0

>1

11.1 ± 1.8

5.77

>64.0

Enicostemma verticillare

>64.0 ±

>1

>64.0

>1

>64.0

>1

9.9 ± 1.1

>6.46

>64.0

Ficus cordata ssp.salicifolia

27.0 ± 6.9

1.20

27.3 ± 6.1

1.19

26.3 ± 3.2

1.24

8.2 ± 1.9

3.96

32.5 ± 7.3

Ficus ingens

8.4 ± 2.3

3.87

32.5 ± 7.2

1.00

31.2 ± 4.3

1.04

8.0 ± 2.2

4.06

32.5 ± 7.5

Ficus palmata

14.5 ± 3.8

2.60

>64.0

22.6 ± 4.0

1.67

8.1 ± 2.6

4.65

37.7 ± 6.9

Grewia erythraea

11.7 ± 3.5

2.32

24.1 ± 3.8

1.13

8.2 ± 1.8

3.32

2.6 ± 0.9

10.46

27.2 ± 6.1

Iris albicans

55.5 ± 6.2

>1.15

>64.0

>1

>64.0

>1

10.6 ± 3.1

>6.04

>64.0

Kanahia laniflora

27.9 ± 4.9

>64.0

0.4 ± 0.2

2.00

9.6 ± 3.0

0.8 ± 0.2

Kniphofia sumarae

1.3 ± 0.6

5.69

32.5 ± 4.9

31.4 ± 3.4

5.9 ± 2.8

1.25

7.4 ± 1.4

Lavandula dentata

7.1 ± 1.4

4.17

20.3 ± 3.5

1.46

7.9 ± 0.5

3.75

3.0 ± 1.8

9.87

29.6 ± 5.9

Leucas inflata

44.6 ± 6.3

>64.0

>64.0

8.4 ± 2.2

3.51

29.5 ± 6.0

Plectranthus barbatus

6.5 ± 2.0

5.06

24.1 ± 2.9

1.37

23.3 ± 2.9

1.41

2.6 ± 1.8

12.65

32.9 ± 6.8

Pulicaria inuloides

21.6 ± 3.8

>2.96

45.3 ± 8.3

1.41

31.7 ± 4.0

>2.02

7.8 ± 2.1

>8.21

>64.0

Rhus retinorrhaea

37.1 ± 4.9

1.43

>64.0

30.5 ± 3.9

1.74

34.0 ± 5.8

1.56

53.2 ± 7.2

Tagetes minuta

14.0 ± 2.8

4.57

30.1 ± 4.6

>2.13

9.2 ± 1.9

>6.96

2.2 ± 1.5

>29.09

>64.0

Tarconanthus camphoratus

>64.0

>1

>64.0

>1

>64.0

>1

>64.0

>1

>64.0

Teucrium yemense

12.5 ± 2.6

2.18

32.5 ± 6.6

30.5 ± 2.9

7.1 ± 2.3

3.83

27.2 ± 5.3

Vernonia leopoldii

41.9 ± 7.9

27.3 ± 5.1

1.10

9.2 ± 1.2

3.27

8.0 ± 2.9

3.76

30.1 ± 4.9

Chloroquine

0.3 ± 0.1

-

-

-

-

Miltefosine

-

3.32 ± 0.7

-

-

-

Benznidazole

-

-

2.2 ± 0.5

-

-

Suramin

-

-

-

0.03 ± 0.02

-

Tamoxifen

-

-

-

-

11.0 ± 2.3