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Basic research

Edited by Jacobus Eloff, Victor Kuete and Insop Shim

This section covers pre-clinical, in vitro and in vivo studies related to interventions or resources in the complementary medicine field, including the isolation and purification of herbal remedies, toxicological studies and research into the biological mechanisms of action of the intervention or resource.

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  1. Panch phoron is a mixture of five spices containing an equal proportion of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel), Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn (fenugreek), Nigella sativa (black cumin), Cuminum cyminum (cumin) and Brassi...

    Authors: Zarin Tasnim Gias, Fatima Afsana, Polak Debnath, M. Shadidul Alam, Tania Naz Ena, Md Hemayet Hossain, Preeti Jain and Hasan Mahmud Reza

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:102

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Particulate matter (PM) can cause various negative acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory system, including the upper airways. Curcumin has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative eff...

    Authors: Ji-Sun Kim, Jeong-Min Oh, Hyunsu Choi, Sung Won Kim, Soo Whan Kim, Byung Guk Kim, Jin Hee Cho, Joohyung Lee and Dong Chang Lee

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:101

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Staphylococcus aureus is the most dominant human pathogen, responsible for a variety of chronic and severe infections. There is mounting evidence that persisters are associated with treatment failure and relapse ...

    Authors: Shuzhen Xiao, Peng Cui, Wanliang Shi and Ying Zhang

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:99

    Content type: Research article

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  4. The Rumex acetosa has been used in medicinal treatment, food technology and phytotherapeutics in Eastern Asia and many other countries. However, its effect on cardiovascular system and antiplatelet activity remai...

    Authors: Dahye Jeong, Muhammad Irfan, Dong-Ha Lee, Seung-Bok Hong, Jae-Wook Oh and Man Hee Rhee

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:98

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Frankincense and myrrh are used as traditional anti-inflammatory and analgesic medicines in China. It has been reported that frankincense and myrrh have significant anti-tumor activities. The present study was...

    Authors: Rumeng Gao, Xiaodong Miao, Chengjing Sun, Shulan Su, Yue Zhu, Dawei Qian, Zhen Ouyang and Jinao Duan

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:96

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Ovarian cancer therapy generally involves systemic chemotherapy with anticancer drugs; however, chemotherapy with a platinum-based drug has often been shown to cause adverse reactions and drug resistance in ov...

    Authors: Jae Ryul Bae, Wook Ha Park, Dong Hoon Suh, Jae Hong No, Yong Beom Kim and Kidong Kim

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:94

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial infections especially in patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Accordingly, the aim of our study was to detection of adeABC efllux pu...

    Authors: Hassan Mahmoudi, Leili Shokoohizadeh, Nayreh Zare Fahim, Ali Mohamadi Bardebari, Shirin Moradkhani and Mohammad Yousef Alikhani

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:92

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Dysregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) form the basis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Vitex trifolia L. is a medicinal plant growi...

    Authors: Hai-Ning Wee, Soek-Ying Neo, Deepika Singh, Hui-Chuing Yew, Zhi-Yu Qiu, Xin-Rong Cheryl Tsai, Sin-Yi How, Keng-Yan Caleb Yip, Chay-Hoon Tan and Hwee-Ling Koh

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:91

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Hydrolates, complex mixtures containing traces of essential oils (EOs), are inexpensive, easy to make and less toxic than their corresponding EOs. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the hydrolate of Cor...

    Authors: Andreana Marino, Antonia Nostro, Narcisa Mandras, Janira Roana, Giovanna Ginestra, Natalizia Miceli, Maria Fernanda Taviano, Fabrizio Gelmini, Giangiacomo Beretta and Vivian Tullio

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:89

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Sedum sarmentosum is traditionally used to treat various inflammatory diseases in China. It has protective effects against acute liver injury, but the exact mechanism of such effects remains unclear. This study i...

    Authors: Li Hao, Ming-wei Liu, Song-tao Gu, Xue Huang, Hong Deng and Xu Wang

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:88

    Content type: Research article

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  13. The antiprotozoal and antioxidant activities of Viola tricolor and Laurus nobilis have been reported recently. Thus, the existing study pursued to assess the growth inhibition effect of methanolic extract of V. t...

    Authors: Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Amany Magdy Beshbishy, Luay Alkazmi, Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi, Eman Nadwa, Eman Rashwan, Amany El-Mleeh and Ikuo Igarashi

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:87

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Myrtus communis is a typical plant of Mediterranean area. The different parts of this plant such as berries, branches, and leaves have been used worldwide as a traditional/folk medicine for the treatment of vario...

    Authors: Mushtaq A. Mir, Nasreena Bashir, Abdulkhaleg Alfaify and Mohammed D. Y. Oteef

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:86

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Honey is a versatile and complex substance consisting of bioactive chemicals which vary according to many bee and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to assess the physical and antimicrobial prope...

    Authors: Elijah Brown, Michel O’Brien, Karla Georges and Sharianne Suepaul

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:85

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Current chemotherapies for Burkitt lymphoma (BL) have dramatically improved its clinical outcome. However, chemoresistance can lead to chemotherapy failure and very poor prognosis; thus, novel strategies are u...

    Authors: Mitsuki Tabata, Masanobu Tsubaki, Tomoya Takeda, Keisuke Tateishi, Katsumasa Tsurushima, Motohiro Imano, Takao Satou, Toshihiko Ishizaka and Shozo Nishida

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:84

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Recent studies pointed up that curcumin produces an anti-nociceptive effect in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. However, the possible mechanisms of action that underline the anti-allodynic effect induced by ...

    Authors: Tracy Pastrana-Quintos, Giovanna Salgado-Moreno, Julia Pérez-Ramos, Arrigo Coen and Beatriz Godínez-Chaparro

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:83

    Content type: Research article

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  18. The health benefits of botanicals is linked to their phytochemicals that often exert pleiotropic effects via targeting multiple molecular signaling pathways such as the peroxisome proliferator-activated recept...

    Authors: Mebrahtom Gebrelibanos Hiben, Laura de Haan, Bert Spenkelink, Sebastiaan Wesseling, Jacques Vervoort and Ivonne M. C. M. Rietjens

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:80

    Content type: Research article

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  19. In the context of searching for potent, safe, natural antimicrobial agents to combate the global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenomenon, the current study evaluates for the first time ever, the broad-spectr...

    Authors: Huda Naeim, Amr El-Hawiet, Raoufa A. Abdel Rahman, Ahmed Hussein, Maha A. El Demellawy and Amira M. Embaby

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:79

    Content type: Research article

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  20. The active components of Dracocephalum moldavica L. (TFDM) can inhibit myocardial ischemia by inhibiting oxidative stress. However, the effects of TFDM on astrocytes have not been investigated in vitro. The curre...

    Authors: Rui-Fang Zheng, Yan-Wen Du, Cheng Zeng, Hui-Fang Wang, Jian-Guo Xing and Ming Xu

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:78

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Germacrone is an anti-inflammatory ingredient in the Chinese medicine zedoary turmeric. The purpose of this study was to explore the protective mechanism of germacrone against PC12 cells injury caused by oxyge...

    Authors: Jianxing Zhang, Li Yuan, Sujie Wang, Jiang Liu, Huiqin Bi, Guojuan Chen, Jingjing Li and Lili Chen

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:77

    Content type: Research article

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  22. The embryos of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn seeds, lianzixin, are used in China as food and traditional herbal medicine. Principal therapeutic indications are insomnia, anxiety and pyrexia. Caffeine is a psychostimula...

    Authors: Jingjing Chen, Mimi Tang, Manhua Liu, Yueping Jiang, Bin Liu and Shao Liu

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:76

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Various extracts of Hovenia dulcis have been commonly used in Asia for cases of alcohol-related disorders. Fermentation is reported to enhance the level and biological activities of various bio-constituents of pl...

    Authors: Na-Hye Park, Seung-Jin Lee, Abraham Fikru Mechesso, Naila Boby, Quah Yixian, Woong-Kyu Yoon, Sam-Pin Lee, Jong-Suk Lee and Seung-Chun Park

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:75

    Content type: Research article

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  24. This study investigated the anticancer potential of the medicinal herb, Cleome droserifolia (CD), a local plant of the Arabian Peninsula. C. droserifolia is traditionally known for its rubefacient, anti-diabetic,...

    Authors: Neena Gopinathan Panicker, Sameera Omar Mohammed Saeed Balhamar, Shaima Akhlaq, Mohammed Mansoor Qureshi, Najeeb Ur Rehman, Ahmed Al-Harrasi, Javid Hussain and Farah Mustafa

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:74

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Recent studies indicated that seeded fibril formation and toxicity of α-synuclein (α-syn) play a main role in the pathogenesis of certain diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple system atrophy, a...

    Authors: Mustafa T. Ardah, Simona S. Ghanem, Sara A. Abdulla, Guohua Lv, Mohamed M. Emara, Katerina E. Paleologou, Nishant N. Vaikath, Jia-Hong Lu, Min Li, Konstantinos Vekrellis, David Eliezer and Omar M. A. El-Agnaf

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:73

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Flavonoids from plant medicines are supposed to be viable alternatives for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) as less toxicity and side effects. Radix scutellariae (RS) is a widely used traditional medicine i...

    Authors: Le Wang, Nana Tan, Huan Wang, Jingbo Hu, Wenbo Diwu and Xiaoling Wang

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:72

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Cranberry has been studied as a potential anticancer agent as it is capable of inducing apoptosis within cancer cells. The aim of this study was to better define the mechanism by which cranberry triggers apopt...

    Authors: Rasha A. Mansouri and Susan S. Percival

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:71

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an extreme mood disorder that occurs after experiencing extreme stress, and patients with this disorder are known to accompany with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and...

    Authors: Bombi Lee, Gwang Muk Choi and Bongjun Sur

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:70

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) persists to be a significant public health issue worldwide. The current strategy for the treatment of HIV infection, Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), has reduced...

    Authors: Aparna Palshetkar, Navin Pathare, Nutan Jadhav, Megha Pawar, Ashish Wadhwani, Smita Kulkarni and Kamalinder K. Singh

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:69

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents and has also been associated with a high degree of malignancy and enhanced metastatic capacity. Curcumin (CUR) is well k...

    Authors: Cheng Huang, Hsu-Feng Lu, Yu-Hsuan Chen, Jui-Chieh Chen, Wen-Hsiang Chou and Hsiu-Chen Huang

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:68

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Aspergillus fumigatus, an opportunistic fungal pathogen is associated with a wide array of diseases. It produces 1, 8-dihydroxy naphthalene (DHN) melanin that imparts greenish grey color to conidia and is an impo...

    Authors: Shanu Hoda, Maansi Vermani, Rajesh K. Joshi, Jata Shankar and Pooja Vijayaraghavan

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:67

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Danhong injection (DHI), which is one of the most well-known Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) injections, widely used to treat unstable angina (UA). However, its underlying pharmacological mechanisms need to...

    Authors: Siyu Guo, Jiarui Wu, Wei Zhou, Xinkui Liu, Jingyuan Zhang, Shanshan Jia, Ziqi Meng, Shuyu Liu, Mengwei Ni and Yingying Liu

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:66

    Content type: Research article

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  33. The pressed juice of Barley Grass (BG) has become very popular among people for various assumed benefits along with many testimonies of people who have been healed from various ailments such as anemia, cancer,...

    Authors: Mamata Panthi, Romit Kumar Subba, Bechan Raut, Dharma Prasad Khanal and Niranjan Koirala

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:64

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Giardia duodenalis causes giardiasis in humans, particularly in developing countries. Despite the availability of treatments, resistance to some of the commercial anti-Giardia drugs has been reported in addition ...

    Authors: Ai-rada Pintong, Jiraporn Ruangsittichai, Sumate Ampawong, Kanthinich Thima, Patchara Sriwichai, Narumon Komalamisra and Supaluk Popruk

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:63

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Natural products constitute a promising class of therapeutics for the treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis as well as the maintenance of oral health. However, the limited understanding behind their potent...

    Authors: Ana M. Chang, Shatha Bamashmous, Richard P. Darveau and Sunethra Rajapakse

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:62

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Pharmacokinetic interaction is one of the most important indices for the evaluation of the compatibility of herbal medicines. Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commo...

    Authors: Ji-Quan Zhang, Rui Wang, Ting Zhou, Qing Zhao, Chun-Cao Zhao and Bing-Liang Ma

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:61

    Content type: Research article

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  37. The well-known traditional Chinese herbal formula Guizhi Fuling Wan (GFW) was recently reported to improve the curative effects of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer with few clinical side effects. The present st...

    Authors: Li Han, Xueyun Cao, Zhong Chen, Xiaojuan Guo, Lei Yang, Yubing Zhou and Hua Bian

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:57

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Ficus deltoidea (FD) has been shown to have antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antioxidant properties. However, its effects on key events in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are unknown.

    Authors: Amirah Mohd Ariff, Nurul Ain Abu Bakar, Suhaila Abd. Muid, Effat Omar, Nor Hadiani Ismail, Abdul Manaf Ali, Noor Alicezah Mohd Kasim and Hapizah Mohd Nawawi

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:56

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Canarium patentinervium leaves are used by the local indigenous people of Malaysia for wound healing. The current study is undertaken to screen the comprehensive antibacterial activity of the leaves and barks ext...

    Authors: R. Mogana, A. Adhikari, M. N. Tzar, R. Ramliza and C. Wiart

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:55

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Oxidative stress mediates the nerve injury during the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Protecting against oxidative stress damage is an important strategy to prevent and treat AD. Di-Huang-Yi-Zhi (DHY...

    Authors: Li-Min Zhang, Rong-Rong Zhen, Chao Gu, Tian-Li Zhang, Yue Li, Miao Jin, Bing Hu and Hong-Mei An

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:54

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Globally, more than 170 million people are infected with hepatitis C virus, a major cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The Yinchenhao Decoction (YCHD) is a classic formula comprising three herbal...

    Authors: Jingyuan Zhang, Xinkui Liu, Jiarui Wu, Wei Zhou, Jinhui Tian, Siyu Guo, Shan Shan Jia, Ziqi Meng and Mengwei Ni

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:50

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Inflammation is one of the key components in the initiation and progression of hepatic diseases. If not treated, inflammation may cause cell dysplasia, and ultimately cancer. In the current study, we investiga...

    Authors: Adeeb Shehzad, Shagufta Rehmat, Salman Ul-Islam, Rizwan Ahmad, Meneerah Aljafary, Noor A. Alrushaid and Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:49

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Radix isatidis has been used in China and other Asian countries for its antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects for thousands of years. However, the antiviral effect of Radix isatidis polysaccharide against pseud...

    Authors: Chao Tong, Zewen Chen, Fang Liu, Yanyan Qiao, Tong Chen and Xuebing Wang

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:48

    Content type: Research article

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  44. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tannase-converted green tea extract with a high (−)-epicatechin (EC), (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and gallic acid (GA) content on myotube density and fusi...

    Authors: Ki-Bae Hong, Hee-Seok Lee, Jeong Sup Hong, Dong Hyeon Kim, Joo Myung Moon and Yooheon Park

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:47

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), a major anthocyanin present in berries, exhibits a strong antioxidant and has been shown to possess a neuroprotection. Prolonged exposure to glutamate will lead to oxidative damage ...

    Authors: Monruedee Sukprasansap, Pithi Chanvorachote and Tewin Tencomnao

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:46

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic oral diseases worldwide. Dental caries is mainly associated with Streptococcus mutans and the Lactobacillus species. A specific relationship was found between ni...

    Authors: Abdulaziz M. Alshahrani and Richard L. Gregory

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:45

    Content type: Research article

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  47. The effect of ginsenosides on the growth and apoptosis of human lens epithelial (HLE) B3 cells exposed to H2O2 was investigated. In addition, the effect of ginsenosides on gene expression in HLE-B3 cells was anal...

    Authors: Zhewen Wang, Shiping Zhou, Xiaoqing Hu and Jiannan Chai

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:44

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Qilin pills (QLPs), a classic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula for treating male infertility, effectively improve semen quality in clinical trials. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of ...

    Authors: Kaishu Zhang, Longlong Fu, Qi An, Weihong Hu, Jianxin Liu, Xiuming Tang, Yu Ding, Wenhong Lu, Xiaowei Liang, Xuejun Shang and Yiqun Gu

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:42

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Guettarda speciosa is mainly found in tropical areas in Asia. Although G. speciosa is traditionally used to treat some of the inflammatory disorders, the experimental evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory eff...

    Authors: Kyun Ha Kim, Ji Yeon Lee, Seonju Ahn, Ran Won, Sang-Jun Kim, Seung-Il Jeong, Jung Ju Lee, Jong-In Kim, Jun-Yong Choi and Myungsoo Joo

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:40

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Osteoporosis is related to the number and activity of osteoclasts. The goal of the present study was to demonstrate the effect of Chaenomelis Fructus (CF) on osteoclastogenesis and its mechanism of bone loss p...

    Authors: Minsun Kim, Ho-Seok Kim, Jae-Hyun Kim, Eun-Young Kim, Bina Lee, Sung Yub Lee, Jae-Yun Jun, Min Beom Kim, Youngjoo Sohn and Hyuk-Sang Jung

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:35

    Content type: Research article

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