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Clinical research

Edited by Holger Cramer, Jianping Liu and Karen Pilkington

This section covers research reporting clinical applications of interventions or resources in the complementary medicine field, including the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the therapies, clinical trials and systematic reviews/meta-analysis.

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  1. Among women suffering from urinary incontinence (UI), about one-third are diagnosed with mixed urinary incontinence (MUI), among which urgency-predominant MUI causes more shame and inconvenience to patients. T...

    Authors: Yuanjie Sun, Yan Liu, Tongsheng Su, Jianhua Sun, Ying Wu and Zhishun Liu

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:18

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  2. Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the most common malignancies and imposes heavy burdens on both individual health and social economy. We sought to survey the effect of a self-care education program on quality...

    Authors: Jun Xie, Tingli Zhu, Qun Lu, Xiaomin Xu, Yinghua Cai and Zhenghong Xu

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:15

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Although cannabis and cannabinoids are widely used with therapeutic purposes, their claimed efficacy is highly controversial. For this reason, medical cannabis use is a broad field of research that is rapidly ...

    Authors: Nadia Montero-Oleas, Ingrid Arevalo-Rodriguez, Solange Nuñez-González, Andrés Viteri-García and Daniel Simancas-Racines

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:12

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Xiao-ai-ping injection (XAPI), as patented Chinese medicine, has shown promising outcomes in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. This meta-analysis investigated the efficacy and safety of XAPI in comb...

    Authors: Fanchao Feng, Jingyi Huang, Zhichao Wang, Jiarui Zhang, Di Han, Qi Wu, Hailang He and Xianmei Zhou

    Citation: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020 20:3

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Tianshu capsule (TSC), a formula of traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used in clinical practice for prophylactic treatment of headaches in China. However, former clinical trials of TSC were small, ...

    Authors: Shengyuan Yu, Ye Ran, Wei Xiao, Wenjing Tang, Jianjun Zhao, Wei Chen, Huikui Zhuang, Cun Ouyang, Hai Lin, Dequan Liu, Tongjun Chen, Hui Huang, Baoshen Wang, Yanlei Hao, Zhongrui Yan, Shike Zhao…

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:370

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Marsdenia tenacissima extract (MTE) is a phytochemical widely used as complementary therapy in cancer care. This systematic review was conducted to investigate the anticancer and detoxification effects of MTE, as...

    Authors: Xu Zhou, Meilu Liu, Qing Ren, Weifeng Zhu, Yang Wang, Haochen Chen and Jianrong Chen

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:366

    Content type: Research article

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  7. To assess the efficacy and safety of oral Guanxinshutong (GXST) capsules in Chinese patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) in a prospective, multicenter, double-Blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinic...

    Authors: Yang Li, Lei Zhang, Shuzheng Lv, Xiaozeng Wang, Jian Zhang, Xiaoxiang Tian, Yan Zhang, Bojun Chen, Dayue Liu, Jie Yang, Peikang Dong, Yunzhong Xu, Yingmin Song, Junling Shi, Lian Li, Xuechang Wang…

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:363

    Content type: Research article

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  8. No previous study has investigated the association between oolong tea consumption and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), we aim to elucidate the association between oolong tea consumption and ESCC and ...

    Authors: Shuang Liu, Zheng Lin, Liping Huang, Huilin Chen, Yanfang Liu, Fei He, Xiane Peng, Weilin Chen, Ruigang Huang, Wanting Lu, Huimin Yang, Zhisheng Xiang, Zhihui Zhang and Zhijian Hu

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:358

    Content type: Research article

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  10. This study aims to assess the tolerability and safety of DQTM tablet, which contains a complex mixture of Salvia miltiorrhiza salvianolic acids and Panax notoginseng saponins.

    Authors: Zhong-ping Gou, Wei Zhang, Xiu-fang Liang, Ying Wang, Ju-hong Mou, Mei Li, Ya Zhang and Ping Feng

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:336

    Content type: Research article

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  11. The control of biofilm adherence on tooth surface has always been the keystone of periodontal therapeutic systems. However, prevalence of gingivitis suggest inadequacy of self-performed oral hygiene measures a...

    Authors: Namratha Nayak, Jothi Varghese, Seema Shetty, Vinutha Bhat, Tejal Durgekar, Richard Lobo, Usha Y. Nayak and Vishwanath U

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:327

    Content type: Research article

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  12. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Berberis vulgaris (BV) juice consumption on plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), and the expression of P...

    Authors: Saeed Pirouzpanah, Sanaz Asemani, Ali Shayanfar, Behzad Baradaran and Vahid Montazeri

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:324

    Content type: Research article

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  13. To provide evidence for medical management of chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) in China based on comparisons of all clinical practical interventions using Bayesian network meta-analysis.

    Authors: Qingyang Shi, Lizi Tan, Chunxiang Liu, Huijun Wang, Junhua Zhang, Hui Wang and Jingbo Zhai

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:311

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Numerous health benefits have been demonstrated for curcumin which is extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa L). However, due to its poor absorption in the free form in the gastrointestinal tract and rapid biotra...

    Authors: Sidney J. Stohs, C. Y. O. Chen, Harry G. Preuss, Sidhartha D. Ray, Luke R. Bucci, Jin Ji and Kevin J. Ruff

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:293

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Nigella sativa or commonly known as black seed or black cumin is one of the most ubiquitous complementary medicine. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of type 2 is defined by the balance between wound hea...

    Authors: Abid Nordin, Haziq Kamal, Muhammad Dain Yazid, Aminuddin Saim and Ruszymah Idrus

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:290

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of scalp, tongue, and Jin’s 3-needle acupuncture for the improvement of postapoplectic aphasia.

    Authors: He-yong Tang, Wei Tang, Feng Yang, Wei-wei Wu and Guo-ming Shen

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:282

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Rapid emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) organisms in hospital and community settings often result into treatment failure, thus leading the clinicians with fewer treatment options. Cyathea gigantea, an ethnom...

    Authors: Kathakali Nath, Anupam Das Talukdar, Mrinal Kanti Bhattacharya, Deepshikha Bhowmik, Shiela Chetri, Debarati Choudhury, Abhijit Mitra and Nargis Alom Choudhury

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:279

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) play an important role in clinical practice, and they require appropriate evaluation, especially in application. This study explores the application evaluation method of CPG...

    Authors: Huayang Cai, Hui Li, Huizhen Zeng, Danping Xu, Wenwei Ouyang and Aiping Lv

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:277

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Carica papaya (CP) extract is becoming popular as an unlicensed herbal remedy purported to hasten recovery in dengue infection, mostly based on observations that it may increase platelet counts. This systematic r...

    Authors: Senaka Rajapakse, Nipun Lakshitha de Silva, Praveen Weeratunga, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Chathurani Sigera and Sumadhya Deepika Fernando

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:265

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one global disease. Lung function gradually declines. Medication does not fully reverse the airflow limitation. Qigong’s role in COPD rehabilitation has been ass...

    Authors: Hongxuan Tong, Yihua Liu, Yutian Zhu, Boli Zhang and Jingqing Hu

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:239

    Content type: Research article

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  22. The neurobiology of persistent pain shares common underlying psychobiology with that of traumatic stress. Modern treatments for traumatic stress often involve bottom-up sensorimotor retraining/exposure therapi...

    Authors: Alison Flehr, Christopher Barton, Jan Coles, Stephen J. Gibson, Gavin W. Lambert, Elisabeth A. Lambert, Arup K. Dhar and John B. Dixon

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:234

    Content type: Research article

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  23. We aimed to evaluate the global scientific output of research of acupuncture on insomnia and explore the hotspots and frontiers from 1999 to 2018, by using bibliometric methods.

    Authors: Wenya Pei, Rui Peng, Yuan Gu, Xiaohong Zhou and Jingwen Ruan

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:225

    Content type: Research article

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  24. We aimed to compare patients’ and physicians’ safety reporting using data from large acupuncture trials (44,818 patients) and to determine associations between patient characteristics and reporting of adverse ...

    Authors: Thea Schwaneberg, Claudia M. Witt, Stephanie Roll and Daniel Pach

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:223

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Scientific studies have shown that the potential therapeutic efficacy of curcumin in several diseases is due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Consequently, curcumin supplementation s...

    Authors: Tatiane Andreza Lima Silva, Danielle Coutinho Medeiros, Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva Medeiros, Rafaela Catherine Silva Cunha Medeiros, Juliany de Souza Araújo, Jason Azevedo Medeiros, Marcela Abbott Galvao Ururahy, Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli Santos, Radames Maciel Vitor Medeiros, Lucia Leite-Lais and Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:202

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Acute postoperative pain remains a major clinical problem that affects patient recovery. Distal acupoint and peri-incisional stimulation are both used for relieving acute postoperative pain in hospital. Our ob...

    Authors: Juan Zhu, Qian Xu, Rong Zou, Wenzhong Wu, Xiaoqiu Wang, Yanyi Wang, Fangbing Ji, Zhen Zheng and Man Zheng

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:192

    Content type: Research article

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  27. The effects of acupuncture on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes remain controversial. And the variation in participant, interventions, outcomes studied, and trial design may relate to the efficacy of adjuv...

    Authors: Zheng-yun Xie, Zhi-hang Peng, Bing Yao, Li Chen, Yan-yun Mu, Jie Cheng, Qian Li, Xi Luo, Peng-yan Yang and You-bing Xia

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:131

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) patients suffer from significant symptoms, inflammation and reduced quality of life. Yoga improves these outcomes in other cancers, but this hasn’t been demonstrated in MPNs. ...

    Authors: Jennifer Huberty, Ryan Eckert, Amylou Dueck, Heidi Kosiorek, Linda Larkey, Krisstina Gowin and Ruben Mesa

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:121

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Chinese herbal bath therapy (CHBT) is a traditional external therapy that has been used for the treatment of uremic pruritus (UP) in China. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of C...

    Authors: Wenxuan Xue, Yanhua Zhao, Mengyun Yuan and Zhiqiang Zhao

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:103

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  30. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global pandemic, and contributes significantly to the increasing incidence of conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Postprandial plasma glucose measured 2-h after the star...

    Authors: Ratheesh Mohan, Svenia Jose, Johannah Mulakkal, Darla Karpinsky-Semper, Andrew G. Swick and I. M. Krishnakumar

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:99

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) has been observed in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and contributes to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. The primary management of MetS involves lifest...

    Authors: Pingali Usharani, Padma Latha Merugu and Chandrasekhar Nutalapati

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:97

    Content type: Research article

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  32. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if a definitive clinical trial of thiamine supplementation was warranted in patients with acute heart failure. We hypothesized that thiamine, when added to stan...

    Authors: Howard A. Smithline, Michael Donnino, Fidela S. J. Blank, Richard Barus, Ryan A. Coute, Alexander B. Knee and Paul Visintainer

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:96

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Whole-body electrical myostimulation (WB-EMS) is a relatively recent training methodology that has been extraordinarily used in recent years. However, there is a lack of consensus on the effectiveness of WB-EM...

    Authors: Alvaro Pano-Rodriguez, Jose Vicente Beltran-Garrido, Vicenç Hernández-González and Joaquim Reverter-Masia

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:87

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Fructus Psoraleae is the seed of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. Fructus Psoraleae has been shown to be effective in treating some skin diseases, such as vitiligo. As a main ingredient in five types of herbs in the Qu...

    Authors: Ang Li, Minhong Gao, Na Zhao, Ping Li, Jinguo Zhu and Wenfei Li

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:84

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  35. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that imposes an enormous burden on the healthcare system. Although some studies show that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatme...

    Authors: Hsing-Yu Chen, Heng-Chih Pan, Yung-Chang Chen, Yu-Chun Chen, Yi-Hsuan Lin, Sien-Hung Yang, Jiun-Liang Chen and Hau-Tieng Wu

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:81

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Cordyceps is a traditional Chinese herb that produces various biopharmaceutical effects, including immune-enhancing effects. In this study, we prepared a Cordyceps mycelium culture extract (Paecilomyces hepiali, ...

    Authors: Su-Jin Jung, Eun-Soo Jung, Eun-Kyung Choi, Hong-Sig Sin, Ki-Chan Ha and Soo-Wan Chae

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:77

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. Music has been shown to improve health and quality of life. It was suggested that music may also have an impact on gait stability and fall risk. Yet, few studies have exploited music in the hospital setting, a...

    Authors: Julia Chabot, Olivier Beauchet, Shek Fung and Isabelle Peretz

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:76

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Influenza is a common viral infection worldwide. Maoto (ma-huang-tang) was developed in ancient China and is used to alleviate flu symptoms. Currently, no meta-analyses have evaluated the efficacy and safety of m...

    Authors: Tetsuhiro Yoshino, Ryutaro Arita, Yuko Horiba and Kenji Watanabe

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:68

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Physical activity is an important part of the diabetes management plan. However, the effects caused by different training durations and styles of Tai Chi have not been evaluated. We conducted an updated system...

    Authors: Ting-Wei Xia, Yue Yang, Wei-Hong Li, Zhao-Hui Tang, Zong-Run Li and Li-Jun Qiao

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:63

    Content type: Research article

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  41. This systematic review evaluates the use of manual therapy for clinical conditions in the pediatric population, assesses the methodological quality of the studies found, and synthesizes findings based on healt...

    Authors: Carol Parnell Prevost, Brian Gleberzon, Beth Carleo, Kristian Anderson, Morgan Cark and Katherine A. Pohlman

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:60

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Despite the reported health effects of cardamom on dyslipidemia, hepatomegaly, and fasting hyperglycemia, no human research has studied its potency in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as the hepatic p...

    Authors: Milad Daneshi-Maskooni, Seyed Ali Keshavarz, Mostafa Qorbani, Siavash Mansouri, Seyed Moayed Alavian, Mahtab Badri-Fariman, Seyed Ali Jazayeri-Tehrani and Gity Sotoudeh

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:59

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Practitioners of complementary and alternative medicine have suggested that acupuncture could alleviate poststroke shoulder pain, based on the clinical evidence. This study protocol is aimed at showing the eff...

    Authors: Seungwon Shin, Sung Pil Yang, Ami Yu, Junghee Yoo, Sung Min Lim and Euiju Lee

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:58

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  44. There are no published studies regarding the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the prevention of osteoporotic fracture. Therefore, we conducted this nationwide, population-based cohort study t...

    Authors: Yu-Chi Wang, Jen-Huai Chiang, Hsin-Cheng Hsu and Chun-Hao Tsai

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:42

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. Patients with cancer are vulnerable to depression or other depressive conditions. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for the treatment of depression ...

    Authors: Menglin Li, Zijie Chen, Zhenzhu Liu, Ning Zhang, Jintao Liu, Huiru Wang, Weiguang Wang, Yan Liang, Jingwen Chen, Zhe Liu, Yongle Li and Shuangqing Zhai

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:28

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Dyslipidemia is one of the most frequently implicated risk factors for development of atherosclerosis. This study evaluated the efficacy of amla (Emblica officinalis) extract (composed of polyphenols, triterpenoi...

    Authors: Haridas Upadya, S. Prabhu, Aravinda Prasad, Deepa Subramanian, Swati Gupta and Ajay Goel

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:27

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Menstrual pain is very common amongst young women. Despite the significant impact that menstrual pain has on academic attendance and performance, social activities and quality of life, most young women do not ...

    Authors: Mike Armour, Caroline A. Smith, Kylie A. Steel and Freya Macmillan

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:22

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Peppermint oil (PO) has intrinsic properties that may benefit patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. The study objective was to determine the effect of peppermint oil in the treatment of the IBS.

    Authors: N. Alammar, L. Wang, B. Saberi, J. Nanavati, G. Holtmann, R. T. Shinohara and G. E. Mullin

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:21

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Almost half of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients progress to dementia, which is associated with decreased quality of life and obstacles to independent living. Relevant management is expected to prevent ...

    Authors: Hwan Kim, Hong Kyoung Kim, Si Yeon Kim, Young Il Kim, Ho Ryong Yoo and In Chul Jung

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 19:13

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have a higher risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Acupuncture, a commonly used treatment for patients with RA, has not been reported to prevent CHD in patients with RA...

    Authors: Mei-Yao Wu, Ming-Cheng Huang, Hou-Hsun Liao, Jen-Huai Chiang, Yu-Chen Lee, Chung-Y Hsu, Mao-Feng Sun and Hung-Rong Yen

    Citation: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 18:341

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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