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Table 4 Comparisons of clinical and biochemical features before and after 8 weeks intervention

From: The effects of melissa officinalis on depression and anxiety in type 2 diabetes patients with depression: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial

Variable

HEMO (Mean ± SD)

Placebo (Mean ± SD)

p Value

Weight (kg)

Before

77.41 ± 14.98

77.42 ± 13.09

0.63

0.31 ‡‡

After

75.78 ± 15.29

77.80 ± 12.60

mean change

-1.63 ± 6.75

0.38 ± 1.96

p Value##

0.19

0.18

BMI (kg/m2)

Before

28.61 ± 4.34

28.34 ± 3.96

0.52

0.11

After

28.03 ± 4.30

28.53 ± 3.80

mean change

-0.58 ± 2.57

0.19 ± 0 .73

p Value##

0.97

0.21

WC/Hip

Before

0.93 ± 0.04

0.93 ± 0.05

0.63

0.62 ‡‡

After

0.93 ± 0.04

0.93 ± 0.05

mean change

0.001 ± 0.02

0.004 ± 0.03

p Value##

0.26

0.93

FBS (mg/d)

Before

146.26 ± 35.77

140.61 ± 37.69

0.75

0.75 ‡‡

After

149.82 ± 33.56

150.76 ± 35.34

mean change

3.57 ± 16.22

10.62 ± 18.79

p Value##

0.30

0.02

Depression

Before

18.00 ± 10.30

14.28 ± 5.11

0.52

0.001 ‡‡

After

14.08 ± 7.63

14.23 ± 5.43

mean change

-3.91 ± 4.48

-0.04 ± 2.67

p Value##

0.001

0.71

Anxiety

Before

11.82 ± 8.10

8.09 ± 5.32

0.79

0.04 ‡‡

After

9.78 ± 7.60

8.33 ± 5.69

mean change

-2.04 ± 3.49

0.23 ± 3.75

p Value##

0.01

0.51

Sleep Quality

Before

4.69 ± 2.56

4.61 ± 3.89

0.97

0.15 ‡‡

After

4.00 ± 2.21

4.42 ± 3.32

mean change

-0.69 ± 1.74

-0.19 ± 1.20

p Value##

0.08

0.58

Hs-CRP (mg/L)

Before

1.95 ± 1.84

2.13 ± 2.82

0.63

0.11 ‡‡

After

1.60 ± 1.86

2.20 ± 2.51

mean change

-0.34 ± 1.03

0.65 ± 0.75

p Value##

0.13

0.62

Systolic blood pressure

(mm Hg)

Before

13.84 ± 2.05

12.92 ± 1.42

0.69

0.06 ‡‡

After

13.52 ± 1.95

13.50 ± 1.64

mean change

-0.32 ± 1.49

0.57 ± 1.49

p Value##

0.28

0.11

Diastolic blood pressure

(mm Hg)

Before

8.58 ± 1.19

8.11 ± 1.27

0.62

0.26 ‡‡

After

8.48 ± 1.22

8.33 ± 1.16

mean change

-0.1 ± 0.83

0.21 ± 0.71

p Value##

0.93

0.20

  1. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. p Value (p < 0.05) for variable comparing between the two groups at the end of the intervention.p Value## for variable comparing within the two groups at the end of the intervention. Calculated by Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. p Value‡‡ for mean changes comparing between the two groups at the end of the intervention
  2. BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, FBS fasting blood sugar, HEMO hydroalcoholic extract of M. officinalis; hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, DBP diastolic blood pressure, SBP systolic blood pressure