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Table 1 Phenolic compositions and biological activities of mulberry fruit extract, mulberry leaf extract and the combined extract of mulberry fruit and mulberry leaf

From: The neuroprotective effects of the combined extract of mulberry fruit and mulberry leaf against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells

Parameters

Units

Mulberry fruit extract

Mulberry leaf extract

The combined extract of mulberry fruit and mulberry leaf

Standard reference

Active compounds

 Total phenolic content

mg Gallic acid/mg

217.00 ± 3.33

200.33 ± 3.85

219.83 ± 0.05

-

 Total flavonoid content

mg Quercetin/mg

159.33 ± 4.01

128.22 ± 1.70

161.11 ± 2.96**

-

 Total anthocyanins content

mg C3G /mg

270.33 ± 4.19

25.33 ± 0.96

271.83 ± 0.42***

-

Antioxidant activities

 DPPH

EC50 (mg/mL)

151.25 ± 3.36

187.86 ± 3.32

72.73 ± 3.56aaa, ***

12.45 ± 0.01, Trolox

 FRAP

EC50 (mg/mL)

72.85 ± 0.52

144.90 ± 1.84

63.88 ± 1.27***

Trolox

 ABTS

EC50 (mg/mL)

106.07 ± 2.97

184.47 ± 1.49

77.18 ± 0.82aaa, ***

33.67 ± 0.02, Trolox

Inflammatory marker

 COX-II

EC50 (mg/mL)

51.55 ± 0.16

52.62 ± 0.36

48.33 ± 0.20

12.22 ± 0.01, Indomethacin

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. aaap < 0.001; compared between compared between mulberry fruit extract and the combined extract of mulberry fruit and mulberry leaf, *****p < 0.01 and 0.001, respectively; compared between mulberry leaf extract and the combined extract of mulberry fruit and mulberry leaf