The effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Rheum ribes on insulin-resistance and apolipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial

Table 4 Effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of R. ribes intake on glycemic indices and apoproteins

Variable	AG (n = 20)			EG (n = 20)			PG (n = 20)			P-value^b
Variable	Before	After	P-value^a	Before	After	P-value^a	Before	After	P-value^a
glucose (mg/dL)	145.75 ± 29.95	140.85 ± 21.85	0.09	139.43 ± 26.82	136.56 ± 25.39	0.11	131.34 ± 23.67	128.65 ± 22.82	0.11	0.78
Insulin (μIU/ml)	7.04 ± 5.14	6.24 ± 4.35	0.003	8.09 ± 4.14	6.63 ± 3.59	0.001	8.13 ± 4.32	8.45 ± 3.97	0.13	0.04*
HOMA-IR	2.17 ± 1.50	1.85 ± 1.30	0.01	2.09 ± 0.97	2.03 ± 1.14	0.001	2.20 ± 1.31	2.22 ± 1.19	0.11	0.03*
HOMA-B	1.36 ± 0.91	1.05 ± 0.74	0.002	1.40 ± 0.67	1.17 ± 0.70	0.001	1.21 ± 0.59	1.27 ± 0.68	0.81	0.01*
ApoA1 (mg/dl)	147.40 ± 21.53	151.90 ± 21.53	0.08	115.05 ± 36.36	122.40 ± 23.12	0.05	154.05 ± 28.56	142.65 ± 24.84	0.09	0.13
ApoB (mg/dl)	92.95 ± 29.39	85.60 ± 20.30	0.006	89.70 ± 24.42	88.55 ± 14.53	0.03	89.91 ± 17.77	93.50 ± 19.88	0.35	0.02*
ApoB/ApoA1 ratio	0.58 ± 0.14	0.56 ± 0.14	0.016	0.80 ± 0.14	0.74 ± 0.17	0.04	0.59 ± 0.13	0.58 ± 0.09	0.08	0.03*

All values are means ± SD
AG Aqueous extract group, EG Ethanolic extract group, PG Placebo group, HOMA-IR Homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance, HOMAB Homeostatic model assessment-Beta cell function, ApoB Apolipoprotein-B, ApoA1 Apolipoprotein AI
^aObtained from paired T-Test
^bObtained from ANOVA test
^*Significant difference in AG and EG as compared to PG according to ANOVA/Tukey

ISSN: 2662-7671