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Table 2 Recorded daily information and infant weight in three groups of study

From: The effect of Pimpinella Anisum herbal tea on human milk volume and weight gain in the preterm infant: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Variables

Intervention group (n = 45)

Placebo group (n = 45)

Control group (n = 39)

P – value a, b, c, d

Frequency of tea based on the number of glasses consumed during the day (Mean ± SD)

1 day

2.26 ± 0.85

1.97 ± 0.8

1.93 ± 0.99

0.148

2 day

2.34 ± 0.98

2.2 ± 0.99

2.13 ± 1.18

0.614

3 day

2.34 ± 1.13

2.22 ± 1.02

2.13 ± 1.1

0.642

4 day

2.18 ± 1.06

2.02 ± 0.94

2.04 ± 1.22

0.731

5 day

2.32 ± 0.99

2.24 ± 1.03

2.19 ± 1.22

0.852

6 day

2.32 ± 1.03

2.31 ± 1.1

2.1 ± 1.23

0.592

7 day

2.34 ± 1.06

2.26 ± 1.07

2.11 ± 1.23

0.593

Frequency of liquids based on the number of glasses consumed during the day (Mean ± SD)

1 day

1.4 ± 0.81

1.48 ± 0.76

1.28 ± 0.86

0.462

2 day

1.2 ± 0.85

1.48 ± 0.98

1.17 ± 0.85

0.162

3 day

1.06 ± 0.86

1.22 ± 0.87

1.3 ± 1.01

0.41

4 day

0.98 ± 0.71

1.22 ± 0.89

1 ± 0.78

0.251

5 day

1.06 ± 0.73

1.24 ± 0.77

1.08 ± 0.81

0.446

6 day

1.04 ± 0.87

1.1 ± 0.98

1.13 ± 0.83

0.881

7 day

1.29 ± 0.79

1.08 ± 0.91

1.02 ± 0.85

0.921

Frequency of using pump (Mean ± SD)

1 day

6.1 ± 1.37

6.12 ± 1.39

5.61 ± 2.04

0.226

2 day

6.24 ± 1.43

6.46 ± 1.47

5.8 ± 2.13

0.159

3 day

6.06 ± 1.92

6.42 ± 1.76

5.95 ± 2.22

0.469

4 day

6.28 ± 2.02

6.46 ± 1.86

5.76 ± 2.35

0.236

5 day

6.38 ± 2.04

6.53 ± 1.9

5.8 ± 2.4

0.219

6 day

6.6 ± 2.14

6.46 ± 1.89

5.8 ± 2.37

0.157

7 day

6.78 ± 2.2

6.41 ± 1.86

5.69 ± 2.33

0.046

Time spent on pump (min) (Mean ± SD)

1 day

39.9 ± 12.18

39.8 ± 10.28

34.45 ± 14.46

0.056

2 day

40 ± 12.33

40.71 ± 9.94

36.1 ± 14.66

0.068

3 day

42. 7 ± 15.39

41.32 ± 12.49

37.17 ± 15.86

0.164

4 day

45.3 ± 16.42

43.77 ± 12.85

36.52 ± 16.99

0.015

5 day

47.2 ± 16.78

43.06 ± 12.11

38.15 ± 17.74

0.021

6 day

48.5 ± 17.5

44.59 ± 13.06

37.39 ± 17.69

0.004

7 day

48.6 ± 18.01

43.77 ± 13.52

36.95 ± 17.43

0.003

Time spent skin-to-skin with the infant (min) (Mean ± SD)

1 day

18.2 ± 9.4

19.28 ± 10.45

15 ± 9.24

0.088

2 day

20.1 ± 10.71

19.38 ± 9.16

16.19 ± 10.91

0.149

3 day

19.1 ± 11.14

19.79 ± 11.41

16.3 ± 11.71

0.294

4 day

18.2 ± 12.76

19.28 ± 10.75

15.97 ± 11.95

0.388

5 day

16.80 ± 13. 23

19.08 ± 12.69

16.19 ± 12.91

0.516

6 day

17 ± 11.82

17.55 ± 12.46

16.52 ± 11.19

0.914

7 day

17.4 ± 13.21

19.69 ± 12.26

15.11 ± 10.97

0.192

Amount of pumped milk at the end of each day (cc) (Mean ± SD

1 day

137.9 ± 39.53

131.42 ± 32.38

112.82 ± 47.24

0.008, 0.007, 0.06, 0.64

2 day

151.8 ± 45.15

136.83 ± 38.21

126.3 ± 70.6

0.061

3 day

169.2 ± 66.17

138.26 ± 51.9

125.54 ± 55.18

0.001, 0.001,0.025, 0.054

4 day

193.7 ± 78.78

148.77 ± 53.87

130.21 ± 60.67

 < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.002, 0.35

5 day

220.5 ± 89.65

155 ± 56.77

141.19 ± 69.13

 < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.63

6 day

244.3 ± 102.21

164.69 ± 63.9

151.41 ± 80. 37

 < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.72

7 day

268.1 ± 98.53

170.1 ± 66. 69

154.78 ± 82.07

 < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.69

Infant weight (gr) (Mean ± SD)

0 day

1262.16 ± 151.48

1263.34 ± 139.1

1219.43 ± 151.39

0.261

3 day

1307.82 ± 162.17

1305.89 ± 140.87

1263.15 ± 155.48

0.287

7 day

1370.12 ± 168.88

1360.91 ± 144.73

1321.3 ± 161.97

0.287

  1. a,b,c,d Repeated measurement test was used for comparison of the three groups and Tukey post hoc test was used for two- by-two comparison of groups
  2. a comparison of the three groups
  3. b comparison of intervention vs control
  4. c comparison of intervention vs placebo
  5. d comparison of placebo vs control