Table 3 Predictors of herbal medicine use among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria

Characteristics

 Age

  Less than 35

1

  35 and above

0.79 (0.46—1.37)

0.401

 Education

  Primary or less

1

  Secondary

1.46 (0.23 – 9.25)

0.687

  Tertiary or higher

0.30 (0.05 – 1.82)

0.190

 Employment status

  Not employed

1

  Employed

0.95 (0.48 – 1.88)

0.891

 Religion

  Christianity

1

1

  Islam

3.07 (1.99 – 4.75)

0.001

2.23 (0.58 – 8.52)

0.242

 Marital status

  Single

1

  Ever married

0.47 (0.21 – 1.05)

0.065

 Income (monthly income in naira)

  Less than 20,000

1

1

  20,000–99,999

0.31 (0.91 – 0.52)

 < 0.001

0.49 (0.11 – 2.24)

0.360

  100,000 and above

0.26 (0.11 – 0.64)

0.003

0.38 (0.04 – 4.13)

0.430

 Parity

  Nulliparous

1

  1–3

1.11 (0.72—1.70)

0.636

  4 and above

1.72 (0.51 – 5.83)

0.381

 Number of ANC visits

   < 4

1

   ≥ 4

0.43 (0.24 – 0.76)

0.004

1.20 (0.22 – 6.56)

0.833

 Doses of tetanus toxoid

   < 2

1

   ≥ 2

0.80 (0.40—1.59)

0.526

 Doses of IPT-SP

   < 2

1

1

   ≥ 2

0.45 (0.25 – 0.82)

0.009

0.55 (0.13 – 2.34)

0.415

 Antenatal admission

  Yes

1

1

  No

5.90 (2.22 – 15.68)

0.000

2.72 (0.66 – 11.27)

0.167

 Chronic medical illness

  No

1

  Yes

0.74 (0.38 – 1.44)

0.374

Lifestyle Factors

 Alcohol consumption

  No

1

  Yes

0.82 (0.42 – 1.60)

0.568

 Tobacco exposure

  No

1

  Yes

0.77 (0.22—2.75)

0.695