Table 1 List of plant materials used in the study

1

Acanthus ebracteatus

Acanthaceae

Sea holly

Whole plant

SMD289001001

2

Piper nigrum L.

Piperaceae

Pepper

Fruit

SMD209001014

3

Leonurus sibiricus

Lamiaceae

Motherworth

Leaf

SMD142018001

4

Sterculiaceae

Guest tree

Whole plant

SMD256009001

5

Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. Et L.M. Perry.

Myrtaceae

Clove

Flower

SMD179013008

6

Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson.

Araceae

Konjac

Whole plant

SMD019004032

7

Terminalia arjuna Wight and Arn.

Combretaceae

Arjuna

Fruit

SMD070006002

8

Terminalia chebula Retz.

Combretaceae

Chebulic myrobalans

Fruit

SMD070006007

9

Plumbago indica L.

Plumbaginaceae

Rosy leadwort

Roots

SMD212004002

10

Zingiber officinale Roscoe

Zingiberaceae

Ginger

Rhizomes

SMD288015005

11

Lepidium sativum L.

Cruciferae

Garden cress

Fruit

SMD079003001

12

Anethum graveolens L.

Apiaceae

Dill

Fruit

SMD276001001

13

Foeniculum vulgare Miller subsp. Var. vulgare

Umbelliferae

Sweet fennel

Fruit

SMD276010001

14

Nigella sativa L.

Ranunculaceae

Nigella

Seed

SMD228005001

15

Angelica dahurica Benth.

Umbelliferae

Dahurian angelica

Root

SMD276002003

16

Atractylodes lancea (Thung.) DC.

Asteraceae

Atractylodes

Root

SMD072010001

17

Ardisia elliptica Thunb.

Myrsinaceae

Shoebutton

Fruit

SMD178002017

18

Enhalus acoroides Zolls

Hydrocharitaceae

Tape Seagrass

Fruit

SMD132002001

19

Piper chaba Hunt

Piperaceae

Long pepper

Flower

SMD209002003

20

Myristica fragrans Houtt.

Myristicaceae

Nutmeg

Seed

SMD177004003–1

21

Myristica fragrans Houtt.

Myristicaceae

Nutmeg

Aril

SMD177004003–2

22

Amomum testaceum Ridl.

Zingiberaceae

Clustered cardamom

Fruit

SMD288002003

23

Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. Presl.

Lauraceae

Camphor

Leaf

SMD143005003