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Table 5 Differential proteins and metabolites enriched by the common metabolic pathways in GSK/OVX and OVX/SHAM. * represents a protein or metabolite with differential expression trends between GSK/OP and OP/SHAM

From: Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis of lumbar in a rat model of osteoporosis treated with Gushukang capsules

No.

Metabolic pathway

Enriched protein

Enriched metabolites

GSK/OP

OP/SHAM

GSK/OP

OP/SHAM

1

Purine metabolism

*Cant1

↓

*Cant1

↑

L-Glutamine

↓

Xanthosine

↓

Prps

↓

Enpp3

↑

Inosine

↑

Glycine

↑

    

Adenosine

↓

  

2

Tyrosine metabolism

*Gstz1

↓

*Gstz1

↑

*Tyramine

↓

Maleic acid

↑

*Aldh3b1

↓

*Aldh3b1

↑

  

*Tyramine

↑

3

Pyrimidine metabolism

*Cant1

↓

*Cant1

↑

Dihydrouracil

↓

2'-Deoxyuridine

↓

*Thymidine

↑

*Thymine

↓

L-Glutamine

↓

*Thymidine

↓

*Thymine

↑

*Deoxycytidine

↓

*Deoxycytidine

↑

*Cytosine

↑

*Cytosine

↓

  

4

Histidine metabolism

*Aldh3b1

↓

*Aldh3b1

↑

*L-Aspartate

↓

L-Glutamate

↑

*Ergothioneine

↑

*L-Aspartate

↑

*L-Histidine

↑

*L-Histidine

↓

*L-Anserine

↑

*L-Anserine

↓

3-Methylhistidine

↑

*Ergothioneine

↓

5

beta-Alanine metabolism

*Aldh3b1

↓

*Aldh3b1

↑

Dihydrouracil

↓

*L-Aspartate

↑

*L-Aspartate

↓

*Pantothenate

↑

*L-Histidine

↑

*Histidine

↓

*Pantothenate

↑

*L-Anserine

↓

*L-Anserine

↑

  

6

Pathways in cancer

Calml3

*Bid

↓

↓

Fn1

Kng2

*Bid

Cdk4

↑

↑

↑

↑

1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol

↑

L-Malic acid

↑

7

Platelet activation

Src

↓

Rlc-a

↑

*Arachidonic Acid (peroxide free)

↑

*Arachidonic Acid (peroxide free)

↓

Fgb

↓

Col1a1

↓

1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero

↑

Col1a2

↓

Prostaglandin I2

↑

8

Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels

Calml3

↓

Kng2

↓

*Arachidonic Acid (peroxide free)

↑

*Arachidonic Acid (peroxide free)

↓

Src

↓

  

1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol

↑

9

Phenylalanine metabolism

*Aldh3b1

↓

*Aldh3b1

↑

Hippuric acid

—

*Benzoic acid

↓

*Benzoic acid

↑

*DL-Phenylalanine

↑

*DL-Phenylalanine

↓

  

10

Glutamatergic synapse

*Slc1a3

↓

*Slc1a3

↑

L-Glutamine

↓

L-Glutamate

↑

1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol

↑

  

11

Gap junction

Src

↓

Tubb2a

↓

1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol

↑

L-Glutamate

↑