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Table 1 Baseline data of each enrolled patient group

From: Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter trial for the effects of a polyherbal remedy, Yokukansan (YiganSan), in smokers with depressive tendencies

 

Placebo (n = 97)

Yokukansan (n = 94)

P-value

 

Age (years)

59

(15)

61

(13)

.158

c

Female

n = 23

24%

n = 23

24%

> .999

a

Daily cigarette consumption

    

.796

b

< 15 pieces/day

n = 18

19%

n = 18

19%

  

15–20 pieces/day

n = 49

51%

n = 42

45%

  

21–30 pieces/day

n = 18

19%

n = 26

28%

  

30 < pieces/day

n = 12

12%

n = 8

9%

  

Duration of smoking (years)

38

(14)

39

(13)

.469

c

FTND score (points)

6.5

(1.5)

6.8

(1.6)

.220

c

Initial therapy for smoking cessation

  

.305

a

None, only counseling

n = 6

6%

n = 4

4%

  

Varenicline

n = 55

57%

n = 45

48%

  

Nicotine patch

n = 36

37%

n = 45

48%

  

Past history Cancer

n = 14

14%

n = 14

15%

 > .999

a

Myocardial infarction

n = 5

5%

n = 2

2%

.445

a

Stroke

n = 4

4.1%

n = 5

5%

.745

a

Diabetes mellitus

n = 12

12%

n = 7

7%

.335

a

Dyslipidemia

n = 9

9%

n = 14

15%

.271

a

Hypertension

n = 10

10%

n = 11

11%

.820

a

Consultation with psychiatrists

n = 2

2%

n = 2

2%

 > .999

a

Anti-hypertensive agents

n = 30

31%

n = 30

32%

 > .999

a

Anti-dyslipidemia agents

n = 15

15%

n = 12

13%

.680

a

Oral anti-diabetic agents

n = 10

10%

n = 10

11%

 > .999

a

Insulin

n = 3

3%

n = 0

0%

.246

a

Sleeping pills

n = 5

5%

n = 5

5%

 > .999

a

BMI (kg/m2)

23.2

(3.8)

23.2

(4.1)

.954

 

SBP (mm Hg)

137

(23)

132

(20)

.123

 

DBP (mm Hg)

79

(16)

77

(14)

.398

 

Respiratory CO (ppm)

19

(14)

18

(12)

.466

 

SDS test score

46.1

(4.4)

46.6

(5.1)

.419

 

POMS score

      

Tension-Anxiety(T-A)

5.6

(3.7)

5.5

(3.9)

.766

 

Depression-Dejection(D)

3.6

(3.0)

4.4

(4.0)

.114

 

Anger-Hostility (A-H)

4.0

(3.2)

3.9

(3.9)

.915

 

Vitality(V)

5.0

(3.2)

5.4

(4.1)

.529

 

Fatigue(F)

5.8

(4.3)

6.0

(5.0)

.790

 

Confusion(C)

5.9

(2.8)

6.1

(3.5)

.646

 
  1. Data are presented as the mean (standard deviation)
  2. FTND score Fagerström test for nicotine dependence score, BMI Body mass index, SBP Systolic blood pressures, DBP Diastolic blood pressures, CO Carbon monoxide, SDS test score, self-rating depression scale test score, POMS Profile of mood states
  3. p-value: a, Fisher’s exact test; b, Mann–Whitney U test; c, unpaired t-test