Skip to main content
Fig. 6 | BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Fig. 6

From: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Centratherum anthelminticum (L.) Kuntze seed oil in diabetic nephropathy via modulation of Nrf-2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathway

Fig. 6

The schematic diagram is summarizing the actions of the intervention of C. anthelminticum seed oil on Nrf-2/HO-1 and NF-ĸB pathways. Upon exposure to oxidative, inflammatory, and glycemic stress expression levels of Nrf-2 increase and it translocates into the nucleus where it binds ARE to activate the expression of the HO-1 (antioxidant) gene (red arrow). Similarly, NF-ĸB is also translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus, where it activates the transcription of genes that include TNF-α, and IL-1β (red arrow). Following treatment with C. anthelminticum seed oil and its fractions, NF-ĸB activation is downregulated and it is reflected in the decrease in expression levels of Nrf-2/HO-1 to near normal (green arrow). Nrf-2-driven transcription of HO-1 is normalized which attempts to mitigate oxidative stress (green arrow). The perturbations of both NF-ĸB and Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling points to putative cross-talk occurring between the two. However, the mechanism of this process in kidney disease remains unknown

Back to article page