Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies
First author, year | Age (years) mean ± SD | Sample size | Intervention | Outcome | Treatment duration | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | QG | CG | QG | CG | QG | CG | Â | Â |
Cheng X, [45] 2016 | 21.1 ± 1.4 | 21.0 ± 1.6 | 15 | 15 | 3 × (40–60)min/wk for 12 weeks(Wuqinxi) | No intervention | HAMD | 12 weeks |
Chen J, [46] 2019 | NR | 18 | 18 | 3 × 60 min/wk for 16 weeks(Tai Chi) | No intervention | CES-D | 16 weeks | |
Chen T, [47] 2016 | 22.5 ± 2.0 | 21 | 21 | 5 × 90 min/wk for 8 weeks(Baduanjin) | Relaxation training | POMS | 8weeks | |
Jiao X, [52] 2021 | 20.0 ± 1.3 | 40 | 40 | 5 × 80 min/wk for 16weeks(Wuqinxi) | 5 × 80 min/wk for 16weeks (Original sports ) | Vital capacity, Standing long jump, Hand grip force, Step test, SCL-90Depression, SCL- 90 Anxiety | 16weeks | |
Guo T, [51] 2021 | NR | 30 | 30 | 3 × 45 min/wk for 12weeks(Baduanjin) | No intervention | SCL-90 Depression, SCL-90 Anxiety | 12weeks | |
Ke X, [39] 2019 | 19.4 ± 0.5 | 19.5 ± 0.6 | 20 | 17 | ≥ 5 × 60 min/wk for 10 weeks(Baduanjin) | No intervention | SDS, SAS | 10 weeks |
Li M, [4] 2015 | 20.63 ± 1.03 | 20.92 ± 1.15 | 101 | 105 | 5 × 60 min/wk for 12 weeks(Baduanjin) | No intervention | Vital capacity, Standing long jump, Hand grip force, Sit-and-Reach, Step test, Blood pressure, Heart rate, POMS | 12weeks |
Lai Q, [40] 2018 | 20.61 ± 1. 06 | 20.54 ± 1. 05 | 30 | 30 | 5 × 60 min/wk for 12 weeks(Baduanjin) | No intervention | Vital capacity, Standing long jump, Sit-and-Reach | 12weeks |
Luo S, [50] 2021 | NR | 157 | 158 | 3 × 30 min/wk for 16weeks(Tai Chi) | No intervention | SDS, SAS | 16 weeks | |
Wang M, [41] 2020 | NR | 30 | 30 | 7 × 40 min/wk for 24weeks(Wuqinxi) | No intervention | SDS | 24 weeks | |
Wei Q, [42] 2017 | NR | 60 | 60 | 5d×2times/wk for 12weeks(Yijinjing) | No intervention | Vital capacity, Standing long jump, Hand grip force, Sit-and-Reach, Step test, SCL-90 Depression, SCL-90 Anxiety | 12 weeks | |
Wang B, [49] 2021 | NR | 100 | 100 | ≥ 3 × 90 min/wk for 18weeks(Baduanjin) | No intervention | POMS, SCL-90 Depression, SCL-90 Anxiety | 18 weeks | |
Yan H, [43] 2017 | NR |  50 | 50 | 5d×2times/wk for 12weeks(Baduanjin) | No intervention | Vital capacity, Standing long jump, Hand grip force, Sit-and-Reach, Step test, SCL-90 Depression, SCL-90 Anxiety | 12 weeks | |
Yuan M, [44] 2017 | NR | 12 | 12 | 4 × 60 min/wk for 20weeks(Tai Chi) | No intervention | Vital capacity, Blood pressure,Heart rate | 20 weeks | |
Zheng G, [9] 2015 | 20.7 ± 1.1 | 20.6 ± 1.2 | 95 | 103 | 5 × 60 min/wk for 12weeks(Tai Chi) | No intervention | Vital capacity, Sit-and-Reach, Step test, Blood pressure, Heart rate | 12 weeks |
Zhang Y, [48] 2021 | 19–22 | 30 | 30 | 2 × 90 min/wk for 8weeks(Baduanjin) | No intervention | SDS, SAS | 8weeks | |