Fig. 2

IL-6 and TNF-α-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in ARPE-19 cells. IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-6 + TNF-α at a concentration of 5 ng/ml were used to stimulate ARPE-19 cells for 16 h. Expressions of (A) IL-6, (B) IL-8, (C) TNF-α in ARPE-19 cells were measured using the ELISA Ready-Set-Go kit. The data are expressed as the mean  ± SD of three independent experiments. * p < 0.05 compared with the control level