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Table 1 The endocrine hormonal levels of the female rats after administered with ATQ, PQ, or ART at three doses for 14 days (n = 16)

From: Reproductive and endocrine effects of artemisinin, piperaquine, and artemisinin-piperaquine combination in rats

Group

E2

(pg/mL)

FSH

(IU/L)

LH

(pg/mL)

PRL

(pg/mL)

PG

(pg/mL)

ACTH (pg/mL)

Control

60.63 ± 12.18

22.38 ± 3.79

33.19 ± 6.06

729.7 ± 79.8

369.6 ± 25.2

108.4 ± 16.0

ART low-dose

64.15 ± 7.54

20.71 ± 4.27

33.82 ± 4.62

746.3 ± 63.5

345.8 ± 57.2

111.3 ± 18.1

ART mid-dose

65.07 ± 4.53

21.40 ± 3.59

35.11 ± 4.26

740.6 ± 47.9

352.9 ± 27.5

108.1 ± 14.5

ART high-dose

65.65 ± 4.84

21.08 ± 2.48

34.55 ± 5.24

710.1 ± 68.5

357.6 ± 36.0

115.5 ± 17.7

PQ low-dose

63.13 ± 9.56

20.28 ± 1.79

29.53 ± 6.87

660.2 ± 50.1

323.4 ± 44.1*

129.0 ± 13.5*

PQ mid-dose

62.14 ± 6.76

23.04 ± 2.75

31.98 ± 7.61

674.9 ± 85.6

319.2 ± 41.5*

127.3 ± 8.4*

PQ high-dose

70.81 ± 11.87

22.12 ± 2.81

29.73 ± 7.27

708.1 ± 68.3

313.3 ± 23.3*

132.6 ± 16.4*

ATQ low-dose

55.46 ± 11.46

21.31 ± 2.43

32.93 ± 11.75

634.4 ± 46.8*

308.6 ± 52.8*

131.8 ± 35.9*

ATQ mid-dose

61.66 ± 9.57

21.35 ± 3.32

33.24 ± 12.89

637.3 ± 91.8*

302.1 ± 29.0*

129.5 ± 16.4*

ATQ high-dose

54.19 ± 10.22

19.30 ± 3.47

29.34 ± 5.26

595.8 ± 51.9*

293.9 ± 60.8*

141.0 ± 17.1*

  1. * Significantly different from the control group at P < 0.05. One-way ANOVA test was performed, followed by Dunnett’s test